Rosacea Flashcards
What is rosacea?
It is defined as a condition in which there is chronic inflammation of cutaneous vasculature, resulting in blood vessels becoming visible in the face
What three regions of the body tend to be affected by rosacea?
Nose
Cheeks
Forehead
What are the six risk factors associated with rosacea?
Middle Aged, 30 – 50 Years Old
Female Gender
White Race
Pregnancy
Alcohol
Sunlight Exposure
What are the nine clincial features of rosacea?
Facial Flushing
Telangiectasia
Erythematous Skin
Papules
Pustules
Rhinophyma
Blepharitis
Keratitis
Conjunctivitis
What is telangiectasia?
They are small, widened blood vessels on the skin
What are papules?
They are defined as < 1cm, erythematous, solid inflammatory lesions
What are pustules?
They are defined as < 1cm, well-circumscribed, erythematous epidermal lesions filled with pus
What is rhinophyma?
It a disfiguring nasal deformity due to the proliferation of sebaceous glands and underlying connective tissue
What is blepharitis?
It is inflammation of the eyelid
What is the first clinical feature of rosacea?
Facial Flushing
How is rosacea diagnosed?
Clinically
What are the two conservative management options of rosacea?
Daily High Factor Sunscreen Application
Camouflage Creams To Conceal Redness
What are the five pharmacological management options of rosacea?
Topical Brimonidine Gel
Topical Ivermectin
Topical Metronidazole
Topical Azelaic Acid
Oral Doxycycline
When is topical brimonidine used to manage rosacea?
It is recommended to manage mild rosacea, which is characterised by predominant flushing and limited telangiectasia
What is the mechanism of action of bromonidine?
It is an alpha-adrenergic agonist, which is used to cause vasoconstriction
How is topical brominidine gel administered?
It should be applied on an ‘as required basis’ to temporarily reduce redness
How soon does topical brominidine take to reduce redness? How long does this effect last for?
30 minutes
It reaches peak action at 3 – 6 hours, after which the redness returns to the baseline
When is topical ivermectin used to manage rosacea?
It is the first line management option used to manage mild to moderate rosacea, which is characterised by papules and/or pustules
When is topical metronidazole used to manage rosacea?
It is the second line management option used to manage mild to moderate rosacea, which is characterised by papules and/or pustules
When is topical azelaic acid used to manage rosacea?
It is the second line management option used to manage mild to moderate rosacea, which is characterised by papules and/or pustules
When is oral doxycyline used to manage rosacea?
It is the first line management option used to manage severe rosacea, which is characterised by widespread papules and/or pustules
What should oral doxycycline be administered with?
Topical Ivermectin
When is laser therapy used to manage rosacea?
It is used to manage rosacea which is characterised by prominent and persistent telangiectasia
In which two circumstances is dermatology referral of rosacea recommended?
When clinical features have not improved with optimal management in primary care
OR
In those who present with rhinophyma
