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Week 2 Class > Ropes and Knots > Flashcards

Ropes and Knots Flashcards

1
Q

Life Safety Rope

A

-Used solely for supporting people

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2
Q

Utility Rope

A

-Used when not necessary to support the weight of a person, such as when hoisting tools or lowering equipment

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3
Q

NFPA 1983

A
  • Standard on Life Safety Rope and Equipment for Emergency Services
  • Life safety rope must be virgin fiber and block creel construction
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4
Q

One Person Life Safety Rope (light duty)

A
  • Designed to bear 300 lbs

- Safety Factor 15:1 (NFPA 1983)

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5
Q

Two Person Life Safety Rope (general duty)

A

-Designed to bear 600 lbs

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6
Q

Personal Escape Rope

A
  • Last resort
  • One time use
  • 300 lbs one person support
  • 10:1 safety factor (NFPA 1983)
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7
Q

Natural Fibers

A
  • Can be weakened by mildew and deteriorate with age
  • Can absorb 50% of its weight in water
  • Very difficult to dry
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8
Q

Synthetic Fibers

A
  • Nylon invented 1938
  • Polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene
  • Generally stronger than natural fibers
  • Can use smaller diameter rope without sacrificing strength
  • Resistant to rotting and mildew
  • Do not age or degrade as quickly
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9
Q

Synthetic Fiber Drawbacks

A
  • UV light can damage
  • Acid/alkalis can damage
  • Highly susceptible to abrasion/cutting
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10
Q

Nylon

A
  • Most common fiber in life safety ropes

- Retains 85% of strength when wet

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11
Q

Polypropylene

A
  • Lightest of synthetic fibers
  • Does not absorb water
  • Floats, use in water rescue
  • Not as strong as nylon, hard to knot, low melting point
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12
Q

Twisted Ropes

A
  • Laid ropes
  • Synthetic or natural fibers
  • Individual fibers twisted into strands
  • Disadvantage: exposes all fibers to outside of rope, stretch and unravel when load is applied
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13
Q

Braided Ropes

A
  • Usually synthetic fibers
  • Weaving or intertwining fibers
  • Exposes all strands to outside of rope
  • Stretches under load, not prone to twisting
  • Double braided has inner braided core protected by braided sleeve
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14
Q

Kernmantle

A
  • Kern: Inside, 70% of strength
  • Mantle: Outside, 30% of stregth, protective
  • Each fiber extends for entire length of the rope
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15
Q

Dynamic Rope

A

-Elastic, stretches under load

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16
Q

Static

A

-Does not stretch under load

17
Q

Dynamic Kern Mantle

A

-Overlapping or woven fibers in core which stretch when loaded

18
Q

Static Kern Mantle

A

-All fibers parallel, does not stretch under load

19
Q

Class 1 Harness

A

-Ladder belt harness

20
Q

Class 2 Harness

A

-Seat harness, supports firefighter during rescue situations

21
Q

Class 3 Harness

A
  • Chest harness
  • Most secure
  • Supports firefighter being raised/lowered on life safety rope
22
Q

Trench Rescue

A

-Need shoring, air quality monitoring, confined space operations, and rope rescue

23
Q

Confined-Space rescue

A

-Difficult to extricate unconscious or injured person from these locations because of poor ventilation and limited entry/exit area

24
Q

Water Rescue

A
  • Simplest involves rescuer throwing rope to victim

- More complicated could involve a rope stretched across a stream or river, boat could be tethered to the rope

25
Q

Four Parts of Rope Maintenance

A
  • Care
  • Clean
  • Inspect
  • Store
26
Q

Care for The Rope

A
  • Protect from sharp/abrasive surfaces, rubbing against another rope (friction), heat, chemicals, flame
  • Never Step on a Rope
  • Follow manufacterer’s instructions
27
Q

Clean

A
  • Mild detergent
  • No Bleach
  • Don’t pack/store damp rope
  • Air drying preferred (no direct sunlight)
28
Q

Inspect

A
  • Life safety ropes inspected after each use, unused rope inspected on regular schedule
  • Look for cuts, frays, depressions
  • Maintain a rope record including history of when rope was purchase, used, how it was use, what kind of loads were applied to it
29
Q

Store

A
  • Away from temperature extremes, out of sunlight, in areas with air circulation
  • Away from fumes, oils, hydraulic fluids
  • In rope bags
30
Q

Working End

A

-Part of rope for forming knot

31
Q

Running End

A

-Part of rope used for lifting/hoisting

32
Q

Standing Part

A

-Par of rope between working end and running end

33
Q

Bight

A

-U bend

34
Q

Loop

A

-Circle in rope

35
Q

Round turn

A

-Make a loop and bring two ends of rope parallel to each other

36
Q

8 Fire Service Knots

A
  • Safety Knot
  • Half Hitch
  • Clove Hitch
  • Figure Eight
  • Figure Eight on a Bight
  • Figure Eight with a Follow Through
  • Bowline
  • Bend (sheet or Becket bend)

Week 2 Class (8 decks)

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