Roots of the Cold War

Question 1

What was the Heartland theory

Answer 1

The theory suggests that the richest concentration of natural resources on the planet falls in Eastern Europe.

Question 2

what was the name of the treaty Britain and the Ussr signed

Answer 2

The Anglo- Soviet Treaty

Question 3

why was the anglo soviet treaty signed treaty signed

Answer 3

they had a mutual enemy and they knew that without an alliance they may not be able to defeat hitler.

Question 4

what caused tensions in the grand alliance?

Answer 4

• Stalin was disappointed that the promise of American invasion was pushed back
• Ussr were taking the most force from the Nazis they felt this was unfair.
• Stalin was paranoid that the USA and Britain had plans without him.

Question 5

pearl Harbour occurred in 1941 what was the significance of this event?

Answer 5

Japan launched an attack in America and up until this point USA had been supplying the USSR and Britain but was not officially in the war however this attack gave USA the opportunity to declare war on Japan and therefore Germany so joining the war.

Question 6

what were the 3 conferences that happend with the big three?

Answer 6

Tehran, Yalta and Potsdam

Question 7

What happened in the tehRan conference of 1943?

Answer 7

there were several disagreements such as whether France or the medertaranian should be invaded next, if the USSR was doing the bulk of the fighting and what the plan was for a post war world. but many things were agreed on:
- Britain and USA would invade France
- Stalin would join the war against Japan
- USSR would gain polish territory
- they would only accept an unconditional surrender from Germany.

Question 8

what was the result of D-day (5th of June 1944)?

Answer 8

• a year later hitler was defeated
• created tensions in the grand alliance
• USSR aimed to make a buffer zone and sway western countries towards communism
• USA and Britain west east to reinstate pre war governments.

Question 9

what happened to Czechoslovakia after the war?

Answer 9

Czech was annexed and the former president was reinstated who led the most pro soviet government in Europe

Question 10

what happened in Hungary during and after the war?

Answer 10

USSR fought Nazi troupes in Hungary in 1944 and continued until the war was over

Question 11

what happened to Bulgaria during and after the war?

Answer 11

communism annexted and livberated bulgaria and the USSR occupied it.

Question 12

what happened to Crimea during and after the war?

Answer 12

they had supported Nazi Germany but after it was clear they were loosing the war they removed there fascist government and after the war a communist leader was put in place.

Question 13

what happened to Yugoslavia during and after the war?

Answer 13

the country was liberated by a fellow communist party and Stalin was happy to allow them to have control.

Question 14

what happened to Finland during and after the war?

Answer 14

Finland accepted a Russian peace deal and although there government was not communist its ideas aligned with the soviet unions.

Question 15

What happened to Poland during and after the war?

Answer 15

Stalin wanted control over Poland for there buffer zone but Poland wanted support from the western allies.
- polish people saw that the USSR treated them as badly as the Nazis did.
- Poland pushed the Nazis out of some areas of Poland but Stalin stormed in and took control.
this angered USA and Britain but they needed the USSRS help to defeat Japan so they let him take Poland.

Question 16

what happened in the Feb. 1945 Yalta conference?

Answer 16

As they were very close to a Nazi defeat conversation changed to what would happen after the war the following decisions were made:
- Germany and berlin would be split into 4 zones.
-USSR would annex Poland
- free elections would take place in eastern European country’s occupied by the Ussr.
- Stalin agreed to the formation of the united nations.
- the Ussr would receive reparations from Germany for 20 billion to be paid over the next 5 years.

Question 17

what happened in the Potsdam Conference in may 1945?

Answer 17

As the war was over the USA were less obliged to please stalin the following things were decided:
- established the 4 zones of germany
- Nazi govs were destroyed
- Nazi war criminals were brought to trial
-they were allowed to take reparations from there zones of Germany
- ethnic Germans were removed from Poland Hungary and Czech and put into the 4 zones.

Question 18

who was in the big 3 before the Potsdam conference?

Answer 18

Winston Churchill - Britain
Stalin - Ussr
Roosevelt - USA

Question 19

what was the relationship like between Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin?

Answer 19

• Stalin was deeply paranoid
• all disagreed with there post war ideas but Churchill and Stalin bonded over there misogynistic views and alcohol.
• Roosevelt recognised the positives of having Stalin as an allies and liked him.

Question 20

who was a part of the big 3 after ww2.

Answer 20

clement Atlee- Britain
Stalin- USSR
harry Truman - USA

Question 21

what was the relationship like between Atlee, Stalin and Truman

Answer 21

• Truman and Stalin got on however Stalin was still incredibly paranoid.
• however there was lots of political tension as they had very different views
• end of the war established more mistrust between the 3.