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Medical Terminology > Root Words > Flashcards

Root Words Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

aden/o

A

gland

Adenocarcinoma ‐ cancer originating in a glandular
tissue

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2
Q

adren/o

A

adrenal gland

Adrenopathy ‐ any disease of the adrenal glands

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3
Q

angi/o

A

vessel, blood

Angiography ‐ medical imaging technique used to visualize the inside of the blood vessels and organs of the body

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4
Q

arteri/o

A

artery

Arteriosclerosis ‐ a general term form any loss of elasticity or hardening of the blood vessels

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5
Q

bacteri/o

A

bacteria (singular bacterium)

Bacteriologist ‐ a specialist in the scientific study of bacteria

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6
Q

bil/i

A

bile, gall

Biliary calculus ‐ a stone formed in the biliary tract

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7
Q

bronch/o, bronchi/o

A

bronchial tube

Bronchospasm ‐ an excessive and prolonged contraction of the smooth muscle of the
bronchi

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8
Q

cervic/o

A

neck

Cervical vertebrae ‐ the first 7 bones of the vertebral column

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9
Q

carcin/o

A

cancer

Carcinogenesis ‐ the process of initiating cancer

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10
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

Cardiologist ‐ a physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the heart

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11
Q

caud/o

A

tail

Caudad ‐ toward the tail or end of the body, away from
the head

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12
Q

cephal/o

A

head

Cephalad ‐ toward the head

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13
Q

cerebr/o

A

cerebrum

Cerebrovascular ‐ pertaining to the vascular system and blood supply to the head

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14
Q

chol/e

A

bile/gall/gallbladder

Cholestasis ‐ interruption in the flow of the bile through any part of the biliary system

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15
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

Chondritis ‐ inflammatory condition affecting the cartilage

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16
Q

cost/o

A

rib

Costochondral ‐ pertaining to the ribs and cartilage

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17
Q

crani/o

A

cranium

Craniotomy ‐ any surgical opening into the skull

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18
Q

dors/o

A

back (of body)

Dorsiflexion ‐ upward or backward flexion of a part of
the body

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19
Q

enter/o

A

intestine (usually
small intestine)

Enteritis‐inflammation of the small intestine

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20
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

Gastroesophageal reflux disease‐backflow of gastric
contents into the esophagus

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21
Q

hem/o

A

blood

Hemophilia ‐ a blood disorder that prevents blood
from clotting normally

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22
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

Hepatitis ‐ inflammatory condition of the liver

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23
Q

home/o

A

same, alike

Homoblastic ‐ developing from a single type of tissue

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24
Q

hyster/o

A

uterus

Hysterectomy ‐ surgical removal of the uterus

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25
Q

idi/o

A

unknown, peculiar

Idiopathy ‐ pertaining to an unknown (cause of)
disease

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26
Q

ile/o

A

ileum

Ileostomy ‐ surgical opening made joining the ileum to
the abdominal wall for waste elimination

27
Q

ili/o

A

ilium

Iliosacral ‐ pertaining to the ilium and sacrum

28
Q

infer/o

A

lower, below

Inferosuperior ‐ description of direction –from an inferior point (of the body) towards the superior point

29
Q

later/o

A

side, to one side

Lateromedial ‐ description of direction –from the side towards the middle

30
Q

lapar/o

A

abdomen

Laparoscopy ‐ visual examination of the abdominal cavity with the use of a laparoscope

31
Q

lip/o

A

fat

Liposuction ‐ removal of fat by use of suction through a
small opening in the skin.

32
Q

lith/o

A

stone

Lithotripsy ‐ procedure for crushing a stone and
eliminating the fragments either by surgery or
ultrasonic shock waves

33
Q

mast/o, mamm/o

A

breast

Mammography ‐ radiographic examination of the
breast

34
Q

my/o

A

muscle

Myositis ‐ inflammation of the skeletal muscles

35
Q

myel/o

A

spinal cord

Myelitis ‐ inflammation of the spinal cord

36
Q

nas/o

A

nose

Nasopharynx ‐ the uppermost portion of the throat

37
Q

nephr/o, ren/o

A

kidney

Nephritis ‐ inflammation of the kidney

38
Q

neur/o

A

nerve

Neuroma ‐ benign tumor made of nerve cells.

39
Q

oophor/o

A

ovary

Oophorectomy ‐ surgical removal of the ovaries

40
Q

orch/o, orchi/o

A

testis (plural testes)

Orchidectomy ‐ surgical removal of the testes

41
Q

onco

A

tumour

Oncologist ‐ a physician specializing in the study and
treatment of neoplastic diseases particularly cancer

42
Q

oste/o

A

bone

Osteoarthritis ‐ inflammation of the bones and joints ‐
Degenerative joint disease

43
Q

path/o

A

disease Pathogenesis ‐ the origin of a disease

44
Q

ped/o, ped/i

A

foot or child

Pediatrician ‐ a physician that specializes in the care
and treatment of infants and children

45
Q

phag/o

A

swallowing, eating

Phagocyte ‐ a type of cell within the body capable of
engulfing and absorbing bacteria and other small cells
and particles.

46
Q

phleb/o

A

vein

Phlebitis ‐ inflammation of the vein

47
Q

phren/o

A

diaphragm

Phrenic ‐ relating to the diaphragm

48
Q

pneum/o

A

air, lung

Pneumothorax ‐ abnormal presence of air in the
pleural cavity resulting in the collapse of the lung

49
Q

py/o

A

pus

Pyocyst ‐ pus filled cyst

50
Q

pyel/o

A

renal pelvis

Pyelogram ‐ radiographic image of the kidneys and
ureters

51
Q

ren/o

A

kidney

Renovascular ‐ pertaining to the blood vessels of the
kidneys

52
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

Rhinitis ‐ inflammation of the mucous membranes of
the nose

53
Q

sarc/o

A

flesh

Sarcoma ‐ malignant tumor from connective tissue

54
Q

sial/o

A

saliva

Sialogram ‐ radiographic image of the salivary glands
and ducts

55
Q

sphygm/o

A

pulse

Sphygmomanometers ‐ device to measure blood
pressure

56
Q

splen/o

A

spleen

Splenomegaly ‐ abnormal enlargement of the spleen

57
Q

spondyl/o

A

vertebra

Spondylosis ‐ a condition of the spine characterized by
fixation or stiffness

58
Q

sten/o

A

narrowing, stricture

Spinal stenosis ‐ narrowing of the vertebral column,
nerve root canals or intervertebral foramina of the
lumbar spine

59
Q

thorac/o

A

chest

Thoracentesis ‐ a surgical puncture of the chest using a
hollow bore needle to remove excess fluid

60
Q

thromb/o

A

blood clot

Thrombosis ‐ a clot formed in a blood vessel or in a
chamber of the heart

61
Q

tom/o

A

to cut

Tomography ‐ a two ‐ dimensional radiographic image
of a slice or section through a three ‐ dimensional
object

62
Q

vas/o

A

vessel, duct

Vasoconstrict ‐ narrowing of the lumen of a blood
vessel that limits blood flow

63
Q

vesic/o

A

bladder

Vesicotomy ‐ incision in the bladder

64
Q

viscer/o

A

internal organs

Visceroptosis ‐ is a prolapse or a sinking of the
abdominal viscera below their natural position

Medical Terminology (11 decks)

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