roosevelt: new deal 1933-1941

Question 1

john m keynes

Answer 1

economist, theories are basis for more NON communist economies ( gov during depression need to pump economy by increasing spending & creating easy money) AFTER depression gov needs to decrease spending

Question 2

pump priming

Answer 2

refers to heavy government spending to stimulate expenditures by private businesses

Question 3

direct spending

Answer 3

deficit spending when gov spends more than they make thus borrowing against the future, gov hopes to increase nation productivity & consumption to push out of depression

Question 4

bank holiday 1933

Answer 4

FDR declared all banks to be closed 3/6/1933 allowed economically sound banks to reopen later

Question 5

100 days 1933

Answer 5

FDR asked congress to stay in session from 3/9 to 6/16 after his inauguration ( during many new deal
programs forced by congress )

Question 6

relief, recovery, reform

Answer 6

FDRs outline for new deal program (relief for workers & unemployed) (recovery for nations economy) (perm reforms to prevent economic maladjustments)

Question 7

brain trust

Answer 7

group of elite, reform minded intellectuals who advised roosevelt how to deal with struggling economy

Question 8

emergency banking relief act 1933

Answer 8

president received the power to regulate banking & foreign exchange rate

Question 9

banking act 1933

Answer 9

created federal deposit insurance corporation insured individual deposits of up to 5k and helped end the epidemic of bank failures

Question 10

national industrial recovery act

Answer 10

granted workers the right to organize and bargain collectively ( later declared unconstitutional )

Question 11

public works administration

Answer 11

carries out many heavy construction projects by working through private construction firms (helped relieve unemployment)

Question 12

agricultural adjustment act

Answer 12

paid subsidies to farmers to reduce acreage of basic crops (reduction in basic crops, severe droughts increased prices, inc in farm income, act was deemed unconstitutional bc it was invasion of states’ rights

Question 13

unemployment relief act

Answer 13

created civilian conservation crops employed 3 mill men to replace trees in forest, fight fires. prevent floors & drain swamps ( required to give part of their income to their families )

Question 14

federal emergency relief act

Answer 14

has $3 billion to give to states that needed money for welfare payments or for wages on work projects

Question 15

home owners loan corporation

Answer 15

authorized to loan money to mortgage holders faced with loss of their property

Question 16

civil works administration

Answer 16

created to provide millions of jobs during winter of 1933 nov 1933 - may 1934

Question 17

muscle shoals act

Answer 17

created tennessee valley authority which had power to buy land in tennessee valley for construction of hydroelectric plants provided cheap electricity and full employment for the area

Question 18

national youth administration

Answer 18

created part time jobs for 2 million high school and college students helped 400,000 students continue their education

Question 19

wheeler-howard indian reorganization act

Answer 19

attempted to undo the damage done by dawes act by restoring tribal ownership of reservation lands and giving indians credit for land purchases

Question 20

federal housing administration

Answer 20

provided small loans to homeowners who wanted to remodel homes or construct new homes

Question 21

securities exchange act

Answer 21

required stock exchanges to obtain licenses form the securities and exchange commission, has power to register securities

Question 22

rural electrification act

Answer 22

authorized to build power plants and high tension lines in rural areas

Question 23

works progress administration

Answer 23

created to build schools, line and cultural centers ( employed musicians, painters & writers as part of federal arts project )

Question 24

national labor relations act

Answer 24

created national labor relations board to replace NRA reasserted laborers right to organize and bargain collectively and pushed for the organization of unskilled workers

Question 25

revenue act 1935

Answer 25

raised corporate taxes and personal taxes on those with high income levels, also boosted the tax on corporate gifts

Question 26

social security act

Answer 26

provided unemployment and old age insurance that was financed by both the employer and the employee

Question 27

committee for industrial organization

Answer 27

union for unskilled workers won recognition from GM plant in Michigan after sit down strike (ranked congress of industrial organization)

Question 28

court reorganization bill

Answer 28

FDR proposed a bill that would allow the president to appoint up to six additional supreme court members for each justice over 70 attempt to prevent further reactionary rulings from a conservative court ( DID NOT PASS )

Question 29

united states housing authority 1937

Answer 29

lent money to local govs for low cost construction projects which reduced the number of slums

Question 30

fair labor standards act

Answer 30

set minimum wage at 40 cents per hours with max work week of 40 hours (prohibited children under 16 from working and prohibited minors from working in dangerous environments)

Question 31

france’s perkins

Answer 31

first woman to be appointed cabinet post (secretary od labor under FDR )

Question 32

eleanor roosevelt

Answer 32

involved in politics encourages women to work in government & fought racial equality ( helped shame fdr ideas of social reform & new deal politics)

Question 33

huey p long

Answer 33

senator from Louisiana who felt roosevelt was too conservative proposed program share our wealth could’ve given every family 5k at expense of prosperous, assassinated in 1935

Question 34

charles coughlin

Answer 34

catholic priest in michigan who made radio broadcasts against new deal believed in inflated currency would end depression (fired for anti-semitic & fascist)

Question 35

france’s e townsend

Answer 35

proposed to everyone 60+ should get $200 a month as long as they spend it within 30 days

Question 36

john steinbeck

Answer 36

wrote grapes of wrath in 1939 portrayed struggle of okie during dust bowl

Question 37

dust bowl

Answer 37

referred to drought in 1933 & severe winds that blew away the top soil in the southwest