Rome (Religious Terms)

Question 1

Apologists

Answer 1

Christian writers of the first four centuries who defended attacks on Christian doctrines, morals, and practices

Question 2

Baptism

Answer 2

A ceremony of religious cleansing associated with John the Baptist. Regarded as the sacrament of all Christianity, preformed in early Church as part of initiation

Question 3

Sacrament

Answer 3

An outward sign of invisible grace

Roman Catholicism Eastern Orthodoxy recognize seven sacraments: baptism, confirmation, the eucharist, holy orders, holy matrimony, reconcliliation, and extreme unction

Protestants only recognize two sacraments: baptism and the eucharist

Question 4

Heresy

Answer 4

Opinion, teaching, or doctrine that is different from an already established opinion/teaching/doctrine such as religion

Question 5

Byzantium

Answer 5

The original name of Constantinople

Question 6

eucharist

Answer 6

Christian ceremony celebrating the last supper, where the bread and wine is consumed

Question 7

Last Supper

Answer 7

Jesus’ final meal with his disciples, a ritual meal (seder). Jesus instituted the eucharist here

Question 8

Deacon

Answer 8

Servant or minister usually among the lower ranking clergy

Question 9

Clergy

Answer 9

Ordained People (like priests) who preform religious services and duties in Christian church

Question 10

Celsus

Answer 10

A harsh critic of Christinaity, claiming they don’t invite intelligent people but only slaves women and little children

Question 11

Martyrs

Answer 11

“Witness” One who has died for the sake of faith

Question 12

Confessors

Answer 12

People who boldly proclaimed their faith to the romans and survived (kinda like martyrs but they lived instead lol)

Question 13

Relics

Answer 13

Physical remains of a saint, usually body parts or artifacts. These remains are thought to have miraculous power

Question 14

John of Damascus

Answer 14

Theologian who said its appropriate to be holy to holy men and women but God is the one worthy of true worship

Question 15

Cyprian

Answer 15

Regarded as influential Christian thinker, who converted to the religion in his 40s and became bishop of Carthage before he fled due to war.

Question 16

Penance

Answer 16

Gave sinners an opportunity to demonstrate their contrition and repent for sin in ways described by their spiritual leaders

Question 17

How was Baptisim in the name of Trinity justified?

Answer 17

That its about the matter of the ritual not the moral character of the priest

Question 18

Who was Novatian?

Answer 18

Leader in church at rome that was seen as a threat. He wrote On the Trinity

Question 19

Augustine

Answer 19

argued the Roman state force donatists back into roman church for the sake of their salvation and public order

Question 20

Anthropomorphism

Answer 20

Giving human characterists to a God or animal. Pagan religions were criticized about this by Christian defenders

Question 21

Who were 4 of the moust famous Christian apologists?

Answer 21

Justin Martyr, Tertulllian (the most famous one), Clement, and origen

Question 22

Asceticism

Answer 22

Practice where Clement survived on small food and sleep and allowing himself few personal comforts

Question 23

Presbyter

Answer 23

Meaning elderly

Question 24

What was Monasticism?

Answer 24

Pactice of living in a state of separation from the world for the purpose of attaining spiritual perfection.

Question 25

Anchorite, anchoress

Answer 25

Terms that suggest monastic life.

Question 26

Celibacy

Answer 26

State of unmarriage and sexual abstinence, part of Monastic lifestyle