Roman Slavery

Question 1

Vernae

Answer 1

Someone who has born in a slave. These slaves were distinct because they were seen as submissive instead of rebellious as other slaves that weren’t born as slaves. As a result they were preferred by romans

You can become a vernae in slave factories where women are sexed and sell their child as slaves. many issues with infant mortality happened here too

Question 2

Paedagogia

Answer 2

slave schools where child vernae are bought by businessesmen and trained as specialist slaves. As these children age they can be sold for exceptionally high cash

Question 3

paedagogues

Answer 3

Slave teachers. These slave teachers jobs was to educate adults and kids and rich so they can learn. these slaves were at times smarter than masters

Question 4

Public Slavery

Answer 4

Common slaves. worked with public sector. civil service. constricuton.

Familia Caesaris - Similar to eunuch. cant spit on them, mistreat them

Question 5

Familia Rustica (Private Slavery)

Answer 5

2 groups:
Latifundia (Most) - Life was rough. Wake up at dawn, work on fields. work till sun down and they are locked in ergastula

Pastoralist - slaves who herd animals. job was to watch animals eat and drink. life was easy. they worked on their own schedule. few were chosen. these slaves had to be armed to pretect animals.

Question 6

What were vilicus/vilica and magister pectoris (herd masteR)?

Answer 6

Vilicus (male) / Vilicia - Slaves that watched slaves

Mgister Pectoris - watched pastoralist

Question 7

Ergastula

Answer 7

Barrier, dungeon. Place where slaves were tortured in rooms like jail overnight. these slaves worked till death and were easily repleaceable (the latifundia slaves that is)

Question 8

Familia Urbana City Slaves (3rd branch)

Answer 8

slaves in urban areas.

Industry slaves (minority) - porters, carry packages, crafts,

Domestic slaves - majority. such as ordinarii, triclianrcha, nomanclator (all explained in next questions)

Question 9

Aedituus “major domo”

Answer 9

CEO of city slaves. Job is to manage all the managers of domestic slaves, manages ordinarii

Question 10

Ordinarii

Answer 10

Manages slaves in their area they’re assigned too (like the kitchen, so manage them there)

Question 11

Triclinaiarcha

Answer 11

Event planner. Prepared entertainment or food plans. mastermind behind everything. reports their plans to ordinarri to get the slaves to do stuff

Question 12

Nomenclater

Answer 12

Public relations dude. Annouces someones credentials at say a party. makes sure everyone would know a rich patrician or something

Question 13

Pedisequi

Answer 13

“Entourage slaves” Accompany their masters among trips and stuff

Question 14

Pantumini

Answer 14

Slaves for entertainment like mimes

Question 15

Litterati

Answer 15

Educated, literate slaves. trained in paedogogia. specialized jobs like poetry and entertainment

(a form of can be cellarius too)

Question 16

Cellarius

Answer 16

Slave accountant. Kept track of financial records

Question 17

Body servants

Answer 17

Slaves that were treated well, worst that could happen were demotions into the dreaded latifundia). took care of bodies. like brushing teeth, combing hair

Question 18

Order of the domestic slaves

Answer 18

AOT (Aeditus, ordinarii, triclinairacha)

Question 19

Familia Gladiatoria (gladiators)

Answer 19

Gladiators. Wealthiest people had these types of slaves. slaves trained to fight. Romans took this idea from etruscans.

LANISTA owere the overseer of slaves

Question 20

How did the gladiators system work?

Answer 20

It started as a funeral service, where matches happen in honor of those who died, it was the highest form of respect. octovian took over, made gladiatorial matches games instead of funerals, sometimes became political overtime. Becomes state sponsored. Became entertainment, would sometimes even put agendas on the shirts of gladtiors so people can root for someone.

Sometimes people voluntarily did it so they can get second chance to die in an honorable way. Some hoped to become famous like flama

Question 21

The story of flamma

Answer 21

The Michael Jordan of gladiators. Soldier in roman army, soldier hit him, he hit back. made an example of, became a gladiator so everyone could see him die. consistently beat the odds and killed all of his challenges. kept over coming ridiculously stacked odds. became ridiculously popular, admired, and loved.

His lanista (overseer of gladitors) got rich of success. Flamma was offered wooden sword said no. He enjoyed the fame and not being free. Eventually became free and accepted it but still fought

Question 22

Where did Roman slaves come from? (When they aren’t vernae)

Answer 22

Warfare, POW.

Trade by giving away goods and slave breeders

Question 23

How were roman slaves conceptualized?

Answer 23

Intrusive slavery. The concept was that slavery was all about the body. Master could do whatever they wanted (altho there was right to trial)

Question 24

What were the powers Pater Familia (father) had over slaves?

Answer 24

Potestas - Power of family, daughter and marriage. Couldn’t violate family

Dominium - power control over slaves bodies (sex, murder)

Question 25

How did slaves leave enslavement?

Answer 25

Manumission: Process of leaving slavery

Question 26

Forms of Manumission?

Answer 26

Will: People in their last will writes testament when dying (I.E I wish my son to be free).. A limit of this grew when slaves became more important when rome expanded. a limit to how many can be free and a tax was given in the will

Peculium - Gift from a master allowing access to a specific resource that could come in the form of allowance, or a little piece of land, or animals. Without peculium, slaves would think they have no purpose to life. master used this to their advanatage so they could give slaves hoe they can eventually become free, so they wouldn’t rebel.

Vindieta - Very rare. Master goes out of his way to go to court to bring slave freedom, there is usually someone to challenge him. afterwards the slave is completely free, and they owe no debt or operae. doesn’t mean they get full citizenship tho

Imperial Redemption - Special, rare. Granted full freedom, no debt/operate, full citizenship.

Question 27

Operae

Answer 27

Debt owed to their former master by freed slaves after manumission. They are still free but still bound with their master

Question 28

Freedman

Answer 28

former slaves

Question 29

Who was Marcus Tullius and the story?

Answer 29

Slave of his master Cicero. Wrote Cicero’s speeches, very educated. he invented the ‘short-hand’ quick way of writing. Cicero admitted him. Cicero’s son would go to him for assistance or advice.

Proves slavery in rome isn’t that bad compared to Greece

Question 30

What distinguishes roman slave and citiczens?

Answer 30

Authority over their own bodies no matter how intelligent, you no authority.