Rome Flashcards
Where did the Etruscan come from
Came from Asia Minor
What did they adapt
Greek alphabet
What were cities protected by
Moats and walls
Most- a city wall and then a ditch
What were they?
Farmers
Minors
Traders
Who did they rule
Rome
Early Rome
Romulus
Remus
What was formed
Republic after getting rid of the last etruscans king
Republic
Sovereignty (have to have a document)
Is done by voting
Who could vote
Male citizens with property
Patricians
200 wealthy families
Had all the political powers
Plebeians
Rest of the free population
Threatened to move away(wanted political power)
Tribunes( officials were elected to listen to plebeians (gave them a voice)
Twelve tables
Law code
Codes created to limit patricians
Elected two councils (leaders)
Controlled army also
Roman army
In order to vote had to be in army
To get a piece of the booty
Fighting style
Checker board formation
Legion formation
Who was closer to the enemy
Newbies
Middle
Mix
Back
Most experienced
Why were the oldest in the back
Want the best to survive, and the old ones are more experienced and they will be able to get the kill
Executive
1 person Veto Controls military Appoints justices Carries out and inforces laws
Judicial
Supreme Court
9 people
Interpret laws- it is constitutional ?
Legislative
Makes laws
Senate- 100
House of rep- 435
Which group was responsible for electing aediles ans quaestors
Assembly of tribes
Which group had power to veto the action of the senate? How is this shown
Tribunes
The gives instructions to the magistrates and they take action. The tribunes can veto the magistrates
How is the role of the consuls distinguished from that of other officials in this diagram
The only ones connected to the dictator
How does this diagram indicate the function of republic of
The officials were elected
Checks and balances
How would this diagram change if Rome engaged in war
The dictator would take over (6months)
Similarities
Senate
Dictatorship(commander in chief)
Voting
March 15, 44 b.c.e, who was killed
Julius Cesar
How long did it take to build a bridge across the Rhine river into Germania
10 days
Who did Romulus kill?
Remus
What system still works today, 2500 years after it was built
Cloaca maxima (sewer system)
Did roman roads have curves
No
What was Octavian renamed?
Augustus
Why were the Romans a clean people?
They had water from the aqueducts (running water)
Who paid for running water?
Emperors and wealthy Romans
Who did Nero blame the fire of Rome on
The christians
During neros reign 1 out of every 3 people living in Rome was a
Slave
What did Vespasian build where Neros pool was
the coliseum
What was the coliseum used for
fights
Who built the coliseum/amphitheatre
jewish prisoners
How did it take to build the coliseum
8 years
How many people could fit in the coliseum
70,000
How did Trajan get money to fix up Rome
dacia
How many people were living in Rome during trajans rule?
1 million and growing
What did Hadrian build across Great Britain
63 mile defense wall 15 ft high + 6ft ditches
Who did the building of hadrians wall
men
Who designed the pantheon
we dont know
How did Caracalla rise to power?
murdered his brother
What did germania invanders destroy to end the massive Roman Empire
H
to be an empire you have to
expand
Rome expanded and controlled
Italy
3 types of cities
Sea coast
Municipia
Allied
Sea coast cities
were colonies run by military officials
Municipia
other towns that were controlled by Romans (Citizens could not vote)
Allied Cities
independent, allowed to keep own government
where is Carthage
in northern Africa
what former colony was it
phoenician
who were the punic wars between
Carthage and Rome
punic is the latin term for
phoenicians
Hannibal
famous military leader from Carthage
Romans took over
carthage
What did they do with the citizens
sold them into slavery
what did they do to the land
salted it so nothing would grow
what were the main work force
slaves
what was the problem of having slaves as the main workforce
people dont have jobs
economy is ruined and crime goes up because people have to feed their kids
what did this do to the different groups
rich got richer and pushed poor farmers into the cities to work. This caused disease because there was too many people
what happened when too many people were in the city
riots and mob broke out
disease
what did leaders do about these problems
gave peasants free food and entertainment
what did slaves become
gladiators
what did gladiators do
fought with animals or with each other (only at the end of the day)
who formed the first triumvirate
Pompey
Crassus
Caesar
pompey
military
Crassus
riches guy and military
dies fighting
Caesar
military
gaul victories made him powerful
what was triumvirate
ruling committee of 3
wealthy patricians
they were excellent military leaders
pompey ordered caesar to do what
disband his army
how did caesar respond
refused and marched to Rome
what did Pompey and the senators do
fled to greece
what did ceasar declare
himself dictator
what did ceasar do when he became dictator
helped the poor and created jobs
Aristocrats got upset ( Brutus, Cassius) what did they do
assassinated him
who was the second triumvirate formed
octavian
mark anthony
Lepidus
what did octavian change his name to after he was empire
Augustus
his empire was
vast and prosperous
His reign brought two centuries of
“pax Romana” ( Roman peace)
who did he offer to give his thrown back to
the senate
what did the senate do and why
gave him full power. They thought he would do better than they could do
what did octavian do
stabalized everything
what did he do with power
spread it out
what did he call himseld
Princeps ( first citizen)
what happened to the roads
they were expanded
the government was made more ___
efficient
he made
new boundaries
he had what to protect the borders
an army of 300,000
he made it strong and ___
stable
All roads lead to
Rome
Army and Navy protected
merchants
Economic center was a
forum (outside marketplace)
Rome bought more than it
sold
where did they get their money from them
used taxes and conquered money
west of rome
Maximian ruled the west too many attacks in the west west could not hold on people fled the violence, disorder and taxes Octavian
east of Rome
Diocletian ruled the East constantine eventually took over east flourished for another 1000 yrs as the byzantine empire Anthony she
What river did Caesar cross
Rubicon
Capital in east
Constantinople
Reasons for the decline of the Roman Empire
Christianity’s emphasis on a spiritual kingdom weakened Roman military virtues
Traditional Roman values declined as non Italians gained prominence in the empire
Lead poisoning through leaden water pipes and cups caused a mental decline in the population
Plague wiped out 1/10 of the population
Rome failed to advance in technology due to slavery
Rome could not create a workable political system
Where did they move the capital to
Byzantium on the shores of the Bosporus
