ROMANTICISM Flashcards
attitude or intellectual orientation that characterized many works of literature, painting, music, architecture, criticism, and historiography in Western civilization over a period from the late 18th to the mid-19th century. Romanticism can be seen as a rejection of the precepts of order, calm, harmony, balance, idealization, and rationality that typified Classicism in general and late 18th-century Neoclassicism in particular.
Romanticism
Characteristics of Romanticism
Romanticism architecture, emerging in the late 18th century, prioritises emotion and individualism while drawing inspiration from nature and the medieval period. Characterised by its intricate designs, dramatic contrasts, and use of materials like stone and wood, it often evokes a sense of nostalgia and imagination.
They reflect a growing affinity for medieval style, coupled with a sentiment for the exotic, Romanticism in architecture hearkened back to a period of strength and greatness.
Common architectural elements in Romantic buildings included asymmetrical designs, disproportionately weighted towers with parapets, spires, and gables topped with finials or crossbracing.
He was a German Romantic landscape painter, generally considered the most important German artist of his generation, whose often symbolic, and anti-classical work, conveys a subjective, emotional response to the natural world. Friedrich’s paintings often set contemplative human figures silhouetted against night skies, morning mists, barren trees or Gothic ruins.
CASPAR DAVID FRIEDRICH
He was a Spanish romantic painter and printmaker. He is considered the most important Spanish artist of the late 18th and early 19th centuries. His paintings, drawings, and engravings reflected contemporary historical upheavals and influenced important 19th- and 20th-century painters. Goya is often referred to as the last of the Old Masters and the first of the moderns.
FRANCISCO GOYA
He was an English Romantic landscape painter became known as ‘the painter of light’, because of his increasing interest in brilliant colours as the main constituent in his landscapes and seascapes. His expressionistic studies of light, color, and atmosphere were unmatched in their range and sublimity
J.M.W. TURNER
beds with curtains that could completely enclose the bed were used by lords and noblemen in medieval Europe for warmth and privacy.
CANOPY BEDS
Chinoiseries furniture can be noted for lacquered finish and use of pagoda and dragon motifs. Delicate and light, Chinoiserie was associated with the bedrooms and dressing rooms of ladies.
CHINOISERIES FURNITURES
is the meeting place of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and is located in London, England. It is commonly called the Houses of Parliament after the House of Commons and the House of Lords, the two legislative chambers which occupy the building. The Palace of Westminster is an excellent example of the Romantic style of Architecture with its turrets, steeped pitched roofline, and asymmetrical towers.
Palace of Westminster
is known as a castle of paradox. It was built in a time when castles were no longer necessary as strongholds, and, despite its romanticized medieval design, Louis also required it to have all the newest technological comforts. The lavish structure is complete with a walled courtyard, an indoor garden, spires, towers, and an artificial cave. The architectural style of Neuschwanstein Castle is a blend of Romanesque, Gothic Revival, and Byzantine styles. The castle’s design was heavily influenced by the romantic ideals of its patron, King Ludwig II of Bavaria, who greatly admired medieval chivalry and romance.
Neuschwanstein Castle in Germany
—- roofs became a staple of European fortification architecture during the Medieval Period (476 to 1450 CE) and were often crenelated or sported loopholes through which defending archers could fire upon an invading force without exposing themselves to returning fire.
Parapets
originated in the 12th century as a simple, four-sided pyramidal roof, generally abrupt and stunted, capping a church tower. Its history is a development toward slimmer, higher forms and a more organic relationship with the tower below.
Spires
It is the portion of the front or side of a building enclosed by or masking the end of a pitched roof.
GABLES
It is the decorative upper termination of a pinnacle, gable end, buttress, canopy, or spire
FINIALS
