Romanitatea românilor Flashcards

1
Q

Idei inrudite si adiacente

A
  • staruinta elementului roman
  • unitatea de neam si limba
  • latinitatea
  • esenta romana a obiceiurilor
  • constiinta romanilor
  • descendenta romana
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2
Q

Denumire Dunare

A

Latinii-Danubius

Grecii-Istru/Istros

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3
Q

Mentiune despre daci

A

Caesar sec I i.Hr ,,De bello galico”

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4
Q

Contactul romanilor cu geto-dacii

A

II-I i.Hr

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5
Q

Burebista

A

82-44 i.Hr

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6
Q

Limite stat Burebista

A

E:gurile Bugului pana la Marea Neagra (Pontul Euxin)
S:muntii Balcani(Haemus)
N:Carpatii Padurosi
V:confluenta Dunarii Mijlocii cu Marita

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7
Q

Centrul statului dac

A

Sarmisegetuza (Regia/Basileion)

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8
Q

Ce era considerata Dacia?

A

monarhie militara

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9
Q

Spatiul daco-moesian intra in orbita civilizatiei romane

A

a doua jumatate a sec I i.Hr

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10
Q

Vespasian

A

69-79

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11
Q

Domitian

A

81-96

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12
Q

De la cine a preluat Decebal domnia?

A

Duras

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13
Q

Decebal

A

87-106

apogeul civilzatiei geto dace

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14
Q

Moesia

A

15 d. Hr (S de Dunare)

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15
Q

Dobrogea stapanire romana

A

46 d.Hr (Moesia Inferior)

Incepe romanizarea oficiala in dreapta Dunarii de Jos

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16
Q

Razboaie purtate pentru cucerirea Daciei

A
  • 87 d. Hr si 88 d. Hr(Tapae) Domitian incheiat cu pace in 89, Dacia devine regat client pentru Roma
  • 101-102 si 105-106 Traian incheiat cu pace in 102
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17
Q

Traian

A

98-117

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18
Q

Parte a Daciei cucerita de romani

A

106

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19
Q

Columna lui Traian

A

sec II

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20
Q

Factorii romanizarii

A
  • administratia
  • armata
  • veteranii
  • viata economica(spatiul dacic este integrat economiei Imperiului)
  • viata culturala
  • religia
  • urbanizarea(municipia, colonia, metropolis)
  • dreptul roman
  • colonistii
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21
Q

Impletirea elementelor mai multor religii

A
Sincretismul religios
(interpretatio romana)
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22
Q

212

A

Constitutio Antoniana, imparatul Caracalla

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23
Q

Adusi din toata Europa

A

Ex toto orbe romana

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24
Q

,,Caci Dacia fusese saracita…”

A

Eutropius, ,,Istoria romana”

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25
Q

Guvernator

A

legato augusti pro praetore

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26
Q

Dacia impartita in 3 provincii

A

Dacia Porolissensis
Dacia Apulensis
Dacia Malvensis

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27
Q

Unde locuiau militarii? Dar familiile lor?

A

Castre, Canabae

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28
Q

Legiuni

A

unitati de elita(romani)

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29
Q

Trupe auxiliare

A

alae, cohorte( provinciali)

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30
Q

Sistem de castre

A

limes

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31
Q

Veterani

A

evocatus

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32
Q

Militarii si veteranii erau

A

propagatorii civilizatiei romane

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33
Q

Etapele romanizarii

A
  • Preromana(sec I i.Hr - sec I d.Hr)
  • Romana(106-271/274/275, 46/106-602 Dobrogea)
  • PostRomana(sec III-VII)
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34
Q

Imperiul Roman atinge maximul

A

117

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35
Q

Noua provincie dupa retragerea aureliana

A

Dacia Ripensis(dupa Getica lui Iordanes)

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36
Q

Diocletian

A

284-305

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37
Q

Dobrogea

A

Scythia Minor, Tomis

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38
Q

Culturi

A
  • Ipotesti-Candesti
  • Costisa-Botosana-Hansca
  • Bratei-Moresti
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39
Q

Limba greaca devine oficiala in Imperiul Bizantin

A

sec VII

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40
Q

Navalirea migratorilor

A
  • sec III-IV - gotii de origine germanica
  • sec IV-V - hunii de origine asiatica
  • sec V-VI - gepizii de origine germanica
  • sec VI - slavii
  • sec VI-VIII - avarii de origine asiatica
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41
Q

Campia Munteana

A

Vlasca

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42
Q

Constantin cel Mare

A

306-337

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43
Q

Iustinian

A

527-565

Novellae

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44
Q

Slavii+populatia maeso-romanica

A

poparele slave de sud(bulgarii, sarbii)

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45
Q

Tara Romaneasca

A

UngroVlahia

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46
Q

Dobrogea iese din componenta Imperiul Roman

A

602

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47
Q

Romanitatea nord dunareana devine ,,o insula a romanitatii in marele ocean slav”

A

Sextil Puscariu

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48
Q

Elementele etnogenezei

A
  • dacica(substrat)

- romanica(strat)

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49
Q

Etapele etnogenezei

A
  • sinteza daco-romana

- +migratori

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50
Q

Structura limbii romane:

A
  • substrat geto-dac/daco-moesic/traco-dacic (10%)-barza, branza, mos, copil etc
  • strat latin(60%-70%) - argint, aur, camp. bun etc
  • adstrat slav(20%) - gasca, jude, plug, Bistrita etc
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51
Q

Dialectele limbii

A
  • daco-roman(Romania, Rep.Moldova)
  • aroman
  • macedoroman
  • istroroman
  • meglenoroman
  • retoroman(Elvetia)
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52
Q

Constituirea limbii romane literare

A

sec XIX

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53
Q

Unde s-a desfasurat transormarea limbii latine?

A
  • Dacia
  • Rasaritul Moesei Superior,
  • Moesia Inferior
  • Tracia de N-V
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54
Q

Cum s-a transformat latina vulgara?

A

Sec. IV-VIII limba romanica, de factura orientala, denumita straromana sau pretoromana

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55
Q

Incheierea formarii limbii romane

A

Sec VII-VIII

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56
Q

Desavarsirea etnogenezei

A

sec VIII

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57
Q

Limba sud-slava

A

sec IX-X limba liturgica, de cancelarie

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58
Q

Cum a patruns crestinismul la nord de Dunare?

A

filiera latina(predici, militari, misionari)

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59
Q

Biserica

A
  • basilica-romana,retroromana

- alte popoare-ecclesia

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60
Q

Primele obiecte paleocrestine,persecutii

A

sec II-III

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61
Q

Persecutii

A

Decius, Valerian, Diocletian

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62
Q

Sec III obiecte paleocrestine

A
  • monumente funerare(stelae-pietre de mormant sculptate)-Micia, Caseiu
  • Potaissa, Apulum, Micia
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63
Q

Edictul de la Milano

A

313, Constantin cel Mare

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64
Q

Martiri

A
  • Valea Buzaului-Sava Gotul

- Niculitel(Dobrogea)-Zotikos, Athalos, Philipos, Kamasis

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65
Q

Interzicerea cultelor pagane

A

391, Imparatul Teodosie I

IV-V-crestinarea masiva a daco-romanilor

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66
Q

Obiecte crestine

A

Sec IV-,,Donariul de la Biertan(Sibiu)-,,EGO ZENOVIUS VOTVM POSVI”=Eu, Zenovie, am pus darul
-biserici(Slaveni, Sucidava, Drobeta)
Sec VI-crucea de aur de la Histria
Sec VI-VII-inmultire a simbolurilor crestine

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67
Q

Crestinism

A
  • daco-romani-orientare niceeana(Dobrogea, Valens)

- populatiile germanice-arianismul

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68
Q

Denumiri romani

A
  • vlahi
  • valahi
  • volohi
  • w(a)lach
  • olachi
  • blaki
  • ulakes
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69
Q

Variante vlahi

A
  • walach-germanici
  • vlah-bizantini si slavi de S
  • voloh-slavii rasariteni
  • valachus-lumea latino-catolica-apuseana
  • blach-unguri(olah)
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70
Q

Argumente

A
  • logica istorica
  • cimitirele
  • constructii
  • toponimia, hidronomia(Crisus, Maris, Alutus)
  • tezaure monetare
  • obiectele crestine(Donarul de la Biertan, Gema de la Potaissa)
  • vase, unelte, etc (Brateiu, Poian, Alba Iulia) sec VII-XI
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71
Q

Mentiuni romani la N de Dunare

A

Epoca Medievala

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72
Q

Cronicari

A

bizantini, slavi, maghiari

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73
Q

Sec IV/V

A

Paulus Orosis ,,Dacia este o realitate..”

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74
Q

Sec V

A

Priscus Panaites ,,Istoria gotilor” - mentioneaza daco-romanii de peste Istru

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75
Q

Sec VII

A

Mauricius ,,Strategikon” - romani

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76
Q

Sec VIII

A

Castamonitu - vlaho-rinchinii

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77
Q

Sec IX

A

Teofanes Confesor ,,Chronograrfia” - ,,Torna, torna, fratre”
Moise Chorenati ,,Geografia” - ,,Tara necunoscuta ce-i zic Balak”
Oguzname - Ulak Ili

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78
Q

Sec X

A

Constantin al VII-lea Porfirogenetul ,, Despre administratia imperiului” romani-romani, bizantini-romei
980,1020-Vasile al II-lea

79
Q

Sec XI

A

Kekaumenos ,,Sfaturile si povestirile” - popurl blachilor sud-dunareni
Gardizi ,,Podoaba istoriilor” - ii situeaza intre rusi, unguri, slavi

80
Q

Sec XII

A

Ioan Kynnamos ,,Epitome” - ,,coloni veniti de demult din Italia”
Papa Inocentium si Ionita cel Frumos ideea romanitatii
Anonymus ,,Gesta Hungarorum” - gasirile ungurlior la venirea in Panonia

81
Q

Sec XIII

A

Simon de Keza ,,Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum” - romanii erau in Panonia la venirea ungurilor
Rudolf din Ems 1250 ,,Rumunia”
una din cele mai vechi biserici Densus,Strei

82
Q

Cand revine Imperiul Bizantin la Dunarea de Jos?

A

sec X

83
Q

Campanie bizantina impotriva maghiarilor

A

1167

84
Q

Venirea ungurilor in Panonia

A

896

85
Q

Cronica Anonymus contestata

A

XVIII-XIX

86
Q

Mai multe neamuri

A

populatie eterogena

87
Q

Blakii

A

pastorii romanilor

88
Q

Cuceririle lui

A

Arpad, Attila(biciul lui Dumnezeu)

89
Q

Locuitori ai oraselor

A

civitates

90
Q

Aparitia statelor medievale

A

sec XIV

91
Q

Cruciada anti-otomana

A

sec XIV-XV

92
Q

Ideea de romanitate influentata

A

XIII-XIV

93
Q

Teoria umanista

A

ideea descendentei romanilor din ,,coloniile romanilor” aduse de Traian la Nord de Dunare

94
Q

Flavio Biondo

A

secretar apostolic ,,romanii invocau cu mandrie originea lor romana”

95
Q

Enea Silvio Picollomini

A

Papa Pius al II-lea intre 1458 si 1464

96
Q

Cosmografia

A

1501

97
Q

General roman

A

Flaccus

98
Q

Laonic Chalcocondil

A

sec XV
-daci, N si vlahi, S
-teoria antica elina
(Dimitrie Chalcocondil)

99
Q

Cucerierea Constantinopolului

A

1453

100
Q

Antonio Bonfini

A

1434-1503

Decadele

101
Q

Inceputul scrisului in limba romana

A

sec XVI

102
Q

Aparitia tiparului

A

1507

  • europenizarea cunostiintelor despre originea romana
  • politizarea ideii de romanitate
103
Q

Psaltirea

A

Diaconul Coresi(1570)

104
Q

Unirea lui Mihai Viteazul

A

1600

105
Q

Soliman Magnificul

A

1520-1566

106
Q

Jan Laski

A

sec XVI episcop de Ganzo ,,ei spun ca sunt osteni…”

107
Q

Conciliul de la Lateran

A

1514

108
Q

Francesco della Vale

A

1532 ,,Insemnari despre originea, obiceiurile si orasele romanilor”

109
Q

Nicolaus Olahus

A

,,Romanul” 1493-1568
,,Hungaria” 1536
vicerege al coroanei ungare 1562
-sustine unitatea de limba,neam,religie si obiceiuri

110
Q

Johanes Honterus

A

1542 - harta Dacia

111
Q

Martin Belski

A

,,Cronica lumii intregi” 1550

-prezenta rau-facatorilor romani la N de Dunare

112
Q

Anton Veracsics

A

1504-1573 ,,Descrierea Trans, Mold si T.R” (dupa 1549)

113
Q

Oameni de cultura celebri

A

Erasmus, Melanchton, Honterus

114
Q

Szamoskosy Istavn

A
in 1593
(1562-1612)
,,Nero verus"
imparatul Galliensus
combatut de L.Toppeltinus si J.Troester(1666)
115
Q

Nicolae Istavanffy

A

Rudolf al II-lea

116
Q

Epoca de aur

A

sec XVII

  • apogeul culturii medievale romanesti scrise
  • desprinderea de tiparele bizantine si emanciparea de slavonism
117
Q

Grigore Ureche

A

1590-1647

,,Letopisetul Tarii Moldovei” - ,, De la Ram ne tragem…”

118
Q

Miron Costin

A

1633-1691
Traian-,,descalecatorul cel dintai”
descalecatul lui Dragos in Maramures
,,romanus”

119
Q

Alti cronicari moldoveni

A

Ion Neculce, Nicolae Costin

120
Q

Stolnicul Constantin Cantacuzino

A

1640-1714-,,Istoria Tarii Romanesti”(1716)
-epoca brancoveneasca
,,tot romani ii tinem, ca toti acestia…”

121
Q

Ioan Lucius

A

1666, Amsterdam

sec XVIII sustinerea unor teorii care repr arme ideologice in combaterea revendicarilor politice ale romanilor

122
Q

David Herman

A

sec XVII-XVIII

,,atat cei de dincolo de Carpati…”

123
Q

Martin Schmeitzel

A

sec XVII-XVIII

Universitatea din Halle

124
Q

Valentin Frank von Frankenstein

A

disparut sec XVIII

125
Q

Aparitia semne constiinte nationale moderne

A

sec XVII-XVIII

problema originii:istorica->politica

126
Q

Conflict acut

A

Europa imperiilor, Europa natiunilor(dominatie austriaca, revendicarea nationala maghiara)

127
Q

Aspiratiile de emancipare

A

60% in Transilvania

128
Q

Lupta de la Mohacs

A

1526

Principatul Transilvaniei ultima reduta a Regatului Ungar

129
Q

Unirea unei parti a clerului si a romanilor ortodocsilor cu Biserica Catolica

A

Casa de Hasburg 1699-1701

130
Q

Sec XVIII

A
  • instaurarea dominatiei hasburgice in Translivania
  • sfarsitul domniilor pamantene in Tara Romaneasca si Moldova
  • inrautatirea situatiei romanilor
  • scriere iezuita
131
Q

Dimitrie Cantemir

A

-domn, invatat
,,Descrierea Moldovei” 1714
,,Hronicul romano-moldo-vlahilor” 1719-1721 -343 foi manuscris
-extirparea dacilor din provincia cucerita
-descendata pur romana din Traian
-lumea savanta exerna apeleaza la savantii romani

132
Q

Inochentie Micu Klein

A

(1692-1768)

  • episcop roman unit
  • ,,Supplex Libellus”(1744)
  • unicul roman in Dieta Translivaniei
  • incepe lupta de emancipare
133
Q

Benko Iozef

A

1778 ,,Transilvania sive magnus Transilvaniae Principatus - multi romani au ramas pe loc dupa retragere

134
Q

Iosif al II-lea

A

1780-1790 - imparatul Austriei -,,incontestabil, cei mai vechi si mai numerosi…”

135
Q

Mihael Lebrecht

A

,,cei mai vechi locuitori ai acestei regiuni”

136
Q

E. Gibbon

A

1787 - celebra istorie a imperiului roman

137
Q

Contele Teleki

A

presedintele Cancelariei Aulice Transilvane

1791 ,,romanii sunt locuitorii cei mai vechi..”

138
Q

Istoricul Huszti Andras

A

1791 -,,Vechea si noua Dacia” -,,nicio natiune nu are o limba atat…”

139
Q

Martin Felmer

A

1760-1810 - tratat despre originea romana

140
Q

Fenomen natural

A

Greci: Daniel Philipide(1816-Romania), Dionisie Fotino
Romani: Ienachita Vacarescu, Naum Ramniceanu

141
Q

Teoria romanitatii pusa la indoiala

A

Epoca Moderna

142
Q

Teoria Imigrationista

A

Franz Joseph Sulzer ,,Istoria dacilor transalpini” 1781-1782

143
Q

Adera la teoria imigrationista

A

I.C.Eder, Bolla Marton, I.Ch.Engel(lucrarea lui Lucius)

144
Q

Scoala Ardeleana

A

1778-Transilvania
Samuil Micu, Gheorghe Sincai, Petru Maior, Ion Budai Deleanu, Iosif Mehesi, Ioan Para, Ioan Piuariu Molnar
-Supplex Libellus Valachorum-Cluj 1791-Curtea din Viena
-pura obarsie romana-teoria purista(Scoala Latinista)

145
Q

Daca-romanismul

A

1848, 1859. 1877, 1918

146
Q

Samuil Micu

A

1778-,,Scurta cunostiinta a istoriei romanilor”

1780-,,Elementa linguae daco-romanae sive valahicae”

147
Q

Gheorghe Sincai

A

1808-,,Hronica romanilor si a mai multor neamuri”

148
Q

Petru Maior

A

1812-,Istoria pentru inceputurile romanilor in Dacia”

149
Q

Mihai Kogalniceanu

A

1843-elogiu lui Decebal

150
Q

Aparitia statului national roman mordern

A

Tara Romaneasca+Moldova-1859,Cuza

151
Q

Obtinerea independentei

A

1877-1878

152
Q

Reforma lui Cuza

A

1860

153
Q

1844

A

Paul Joseph Schafarik - ,,vlahii de la N si S de Dunare au toti aceeasi origine”

154
Q

George Baritiu

A

Gazeta de Transilvania-1838

155
Q

Corifeiul curentului latinist

A

August Treboniu Laurian

156
Q

Dictionarul Limbii Romane

A

1871-1876

157
Q

Dualismul austro-ungar

A

1867

158
Q

Pronunciamentul de la Blaj

A

1868

159
Q

Robert Roesler

A

teoria roesleriana
1868- ,,Dacien und Romanem”
1871- ,,Studii romanesti. Cercetari cu privire la istoria veche a Romaniei”-Viena-teza imigrationista

160
Q

Marea ciuma

A

sec XIV

161
Q

Teoria lui Roesler-manuale scolare

A

sec XIX-XX

162
Q

Bogdan Petricica Hasdeu

A

,,Istoria critica a romanilor” -1873, Bucuresti
,,Pierit-au dacii?”-1860
teori circulatiei cuvintelor

163
Q

Istorici si lingvisti romani sec XIX

A

Mihail Kogalniceanu, A.D.Xenopol, B.P.Hasdeu, Grigore Tocilescu

164
Q

A.D.Xenopol

A

,,Teoria lui Roesler. Studii asupra staruintei romanilor in Dacia Traiana”-1884, Iasi
,,Istoria romanilor din Dacia Traiana”-1888-prima sinteza de istorie a romanilor
-membru corespondent Academia Franceza
+D.Onciul-argumente de ordin logic

165
Q

Curentul pozitivist

A

sec XIX

166
Q

Dacii pondere lim sinteza rom

A

Grigore Tocilescu, Dimitrie Onciul, A.D.Xenopo, D.Photino, D.Philipide(dem carac roman al limbii rom), N.Iorga

167
Q

Dimitrie Onciul

A

,,Scrieri istorice”-1885

168
Q

Vasile Parvan

A

,,Getica”-1926

,,Inceputurile vietii romane la gurile Dunarii”-1923

169
Q

Nicolae Iorga

A

,,Istoria romanilor”-10 volume-1936-1939

170
Q

Gh.I.Bratianu

A

,,O enigma si un miracol:poporul roman”-1937
,,Traditia istorica despre intemeierea statelor romanesti”-1945
,,Marea Neagra”-1969, Munchen

171
Q

Alexandru Rosetti

A

,,Istoria limbii romane”-1968

172
Q

C.C.Giurescu

A

,,Formarea poprului roman”-1935/1973

173
Q

N.Densusianu

A

,,Dacia preistorica”-1913

,,imperiul pelasgic”

174
Q

Sustin prob rom

A

Th.Mommsen, J.Jung, C.Patsch, L.Homo, Paul Mackendric

175
Q

Sustin romanitatea rom

A

Aurelian Sacerdoteanu, David Prodan, Constantin Daicoviciu, Sextil Puscariu, Emil Petrovici, N.Dragan

176
Q

Fotogafie Tara Oasului

A

1938–Ionita G.Andron

177
Q

Mihai Roller

A

,,Istoria romanilor”-1947

178
Q

Dupa al Doilea Razboi Mondial

A

rolul statului kievan, teoria stalinista

179
Q

Reinvierea sentimentului national

A

Dupa 1965-Nicolae Ceausescu

180
Q

Adolf Armbruster

A

1972 ,,Romanitatea romanilor. Istoria unei idei”-retiparita 1993 Bucuresti

181
Q

1980

A

polemici cu istoricii bulgari si maghiari, nationalismul agresiv

182
Q

,,Istoria Transilvaniei”

A

1987, Budapesta

183
Q

D.Prodan

A

,,Din istoria formarii natiunii romane”-1984

184
Q

Perioada post-decembrista

A

Dupa 1989

185
Q

Vlad Georgescu

A

,,Istoria romanilor”-1992

186
Q

Papacostea

A

,,Romanii in sec XIII”-1993

187
Q

Lucian Boia

A

,,Istorie si mit in constiinta romaneasca”-1997

188
Q

Catherine Durandin

A

,,Istoria romanilor”-1998

189
Q

Romanizarea atinge maximul

A

sec II-III, caracter organizat

190
Q

Romanizarea dacilor liberi

A

275

191
Q

Daco-romanii se confrunta cu gotii

A

sec III-IV

192
Q

Dimitrie Chalcocondil

A

1424-1511

193
Q

Discurs autohtonist

A

1920-1930