Romanian Orphans And Institutionalisation Flashcards

1
Q

What is institutionalisation

A

When you grow up in an institution WITHOUT any CAREGIVER, and in very POOr conditions.

  • ***similarity with mat dep= both include seperation from primary/ mother figure.
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2
Q

Whatis background of romania?

A
  • romania was a communist country until 1989 when government was OVERTHROWN.
  • abortion and contraception was FORBIDDEN

-increase in children= increased no of abandoned children in orphanages.

  • orphanage conditions DECLINED in attempt to save money, which led to neglect and physical/ sexual abuse.
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3
Q

What are two pieces of research conducted on romanian orphans?

A

Zeanah et al
Rutter et al

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4
Q

Rutter et al?

A

Observed romanian orphans who migrated to the UK

  • those adopted AFTER 6 months showed signs of disinhibited attachment
  • those adopted 6 months or younger had a mean IQ of 102
  • adopted between 6 months-2.5 years=-130.357 weeks IQ of 86
  • adopted AFTER 2= IQ of 77
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5
Q

Zeanah et al

A

Observed romanian orphans who migrated to canada

-19% of institutionalised children showed SECURE attachment

-65% classified as having DISINHIBITED ATTACHMENT

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6
Q

What are three effects of institutionalisation?

A
  • disinhibited attachment
  • poor intellectual development
  • physical underdevelopment effect
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7
Q

What causes the physical underdevelopment effect?

A
  • children who have experienced lack of emotional care may show physical underdevelopment.
  • eg, children are PHYSICALLY smaller and research has shown it is due to a Lack of EMOTIONAL care rather than poor nourishment.
  • the PRODUCTION OF growth hormones is affected by severe emotional disturbance causing this underdevelopment.
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8
Q

What is evidence supporting the physical underdevelopment effect?

A

LA MERE ET AL
- conducted a LONGITUDINAL study of 36 romanian orphans ADOPTED by families in CANADA.

  • found that adopted orphans were PHYSICALLY smaller than the CONTROL group at 4.5 years.
  • BUT this difference disappeared by 10.5 years (after theyre cared for)
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9
Q

What is. Strength of romanian orphans studies?

A

P- practical application

E- orphanages and children’s care homes now AVOID having LARGE numbers of caregivers and try to ensure that EACH child is assigned a key workerx

L- this is a strength as it helps to avoid disinhibited attachment and allows healthy emotional development of orphans.

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10
Q

What is a weakness of romanian orphans studies?

A

P- it is not generalisable

E- the conditions in romanian orphanages were SO extreme that it is possible that the results cannot be applied to children in other types of institutional care.

E- eg, children in romanian orphanages were extremely MALNOURISHED, abused and underfed. This led to underdeveloped emotion and physical growth. Furthermore the orphanages had significantly poor hygeine.

L- this is a weakness as findings of romanian orphanages studies cannot be applied to the general population so lack EXTERNAL VALIDITY.

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