Roman rule in Palestine Flashcards
How was Palestine ruled
during roman occupation, Palestine was semi-dependent
the romans appointed Jewish leaders but allowed certain amounts of autonomy
Herod the Great ruled from 37 BC- 4 AD- he rebuilt the temple despite being more culturally Greek than Jewish
Who were the key people in Palestine?
- Pompey appointed Hyracanus II as high priest and was seen as leader of the Jews
- Anitpater was a governor who appointed his two sons as governors one who later became Herod the Great
- Many were dissatisfied and rebelled. Herod fled to Rome and was made king of Judah
- After his death Augustus appointed his two sons to govern palestine
Who were the Emperors
In Jesus’ time it was Augustus and Tiberius who appointed Pilate
What was the impact of Roman rule
Galilee was under the rule of Herod Antipas- no evidence he tried to impose roman ways on people
Judea was governed by a Roman prefect, towns were run by elders
The prefect and troops would go to Jerusalem for major festivals
Only prefects could sentence someone to death
Jerusalem was in effect ruled by the High Priest and Sanhedrin
What structure did the Romans rule over
Elders: the leaders of the people often from rich educated families
High Priest: had political and religious role in the first century. Only he could atone for sin and enter the holiest place in the temple
Sanhedrin: the supreme court or court made up of 71 priests, scribes or elders lead by the high priest
