Roman Life Flashcards
1
Q
How many different types of government did Rome have throughout its history?
A
Three
2
Q
Name Rome’s three different governments in order.
A
Monarchy, Republic, and Empire
3
Q
Give the years for the Roman Monarchy.
A
753 BC - 509 BC
4
Q
Give the years for the Roman Republic.
A
509 BC - 27 BC
5
Q
Give the years for the Roman Empire.
A
27 BC - 476 AD
6
Q
Who is the 1st king of Rome?
A
Romulus
7
Q
How did Romulus become king?
A
He proclaimed himself king after murdering his brother.
8
Q
Give the alleged years of king Romulus’ reign.
A
753 BC - 717 BC
9
Q
Who is the 2nd king of Rome?
A
Numa Pompilius
10
Q
How did Numa Pompilius become king?
A
He was elected king by the Curiate Assembly, after the death of Romulus.
11
Q
Give the alleged years of king Numa Pompilius’ reign.
A
717 BC - 673 BC
12
Q
Who is the 3rd king of Rome?
A
Tullus Hostilius
13
Q
How did Tullus Hostilius become king?
A
He was elected king by the Curiate Assembly, after the death of Numa Pompilius.
14
Q
Give the alleged years of king Tullus Hostilius’ reign.
A
673 BC - 642 BC
15
Q
Who is the 4th king of Rome?
A
Ancus Marcius
16
Q
How did Ancus Marcius become king?
A
He was the grandson of Numa Pompilius; elected by the Curiate Assembly after the death of Tullus Hostilius.
17
Q
Give the alleged years of king Ancus Marcius’ reign.
A
640 BC - 616 BC
18
Q
Who is the 5th king of Rome?
A
Tarquinius Priscus
19
Q
How did Tarquinius Priscus become king?
A
He was elected king by the Curiate Assembly, after the death of Ancus Marcius.
20
Q
Give the alleged years of king Tarquinius Priscus’ reign.
A
616 BC - 579 BC
21
Q
Who is the 6th king of Rome?
A
Servius Tullius
22
Q
How did Servius Tullius become king?
A
He was the son-in-law of Lucius Tarquinius Priscus; seized the kingship after his assassination.
23
Q
Give the alleged years of king Servius Tullius’ reign.
A
578 BC - 535 BC
24
Q
Who is the 7th king of Rome?
A
Tarquinius Superbus
25
How did Tarquinius Superbus become king?
He was the son of Lucius Tarquinius Priscus; seized the kingship after the assassination of Servius Tullius.
26
Give the alleged years of king Tarquinius Superbus' reign.
535 BC - 509 BC
27
Name the Roman Kings in order.
Romulus, Numa Pompilius, Tullus Hostilius, Ancus Marcius, Tarquinius Priscus, Servius Tullius, and Tarquinius Superbus
28
How many Punic Wars were there?
Three
29
Give the years for the First Punic War.
264 BC - 241 BC
30
Give the years for the Second Punic War.
218 BC - 201 BC
31
Give the years for the Third Punic War.
149 BC - 146 BC
32
Name the members of the 1st Triumvirate
Crassus, Pompey, and Julius Caesar
33
Name the members of the 2nd Triumvirate
Marc Antony, Lepidus, and Octavian
34
Who was the first western emperor of Rome?
Augustus
35
What dynasty did Augustus found?
Julio-Claudian Dynasty
36
Give the emperor Augustus' full name.
Imperator Caesar Divi Filius Augustus
37
On what day was the emperor Augustus born?
September 23, 63 BC
38
Where was the emperor Augustus born?
Rome, Italia
39
How did Augustus become emperor?
He became de facto emperor as a result of the 'first settlement' between himself and the Roman Senate.
40
Give the dates of Augustus' reign.
January 16, 27 BC - August 19, 14 AD
41
On what day did the emperor Augustus die?
August 19, 14 AD
42
How did the emperor Augustus die?
Natural causes
43
How long was Augustus an emperor?
40 Years, 7 Months and 3 days
44
Who succeeded the emperor Augustus?
Tiberius
45
Give the emperor Tiberius' full name.
Tiberius Iulius Caesar Augustus
46
On what day was the emperor Tiberius born?
November 16, 42 BC
47
Where was the emperor Tiberius born?
Rome, Italia
48
How did Tiberius become emperor?
He was the son of Augustus's wife Livia by a previous marriage; adopted son of Augustus.
49
Give the dates of Tiberius' reign.
September 18, 14 BC - March 16, 37 AD
50
On what day did the emperor Tiberius die?
March 16, 37 AD
51
How did the emperor Tiberius die?
Probably natural causes, possibly assassinated by Caligula
52
How long was Tiberius an emperor?
22 Years, 6 Months and 2 days
53
Who succeeded the emperor Tiberius?
Caligula
54
Give the emperor Caligula's full name.
Gaius Iulius Caesar Augustus Germanicus
55
On what day was the emperor Caligula born?
August 31, 12 AD
56
Where was the emperor Caligula born?
Antium, Italia
57
How did Caligula become emperor?
He was Tiberius's great-nephew and adopted grandson; great-grandson of Augustus.
58
Give the dates of Caligula's reign.
March 18, 37 AD – January 24, 41 AD
59
On what day did the emperor Caligula die?
January 24, 41 AD
60
How did the emperor Caligula die?
Assassinated in a conspiracy involving senators and Praetorian Guards.
61
How long was Caligula an emperor?
3 Years, 10 Months and 6 days
62
Who succeeded the emperor Caligula?
Claudius
63
Give the emperor Claudius' full name.
Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus
64
On what day was the emperor Claudius born?
August 1, 10 BC
65
Where was the emperor Claudius born?
Lugdunum, Gallia Lugdunensis
66
How did Claudius become emperor?
He was the nephew of Tiberius, brother of Germanicus and uncle of Caligula; proclaimed emperor by the Praetorian Guard.
67
Give the dates of Claudius' reign.
January 25/26, 41 AD – October 13, 54 AD
68
On what day did the emperor Claudius die?
October 13, 54 AD
69
How did the emperor Claudius die?
Probably poisoned by his wife Agrippina the Younger, in favour of her son Nero, possibly natural causes.
70
How long was Claudius an emperor?
13 Years, 9 Months
71
Who succeeded the emperor Claudius?
Nero
72
Give the emperor Nero's full name.
Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus
73
On what day was the emperor Nero born?
December 15, 37 AD
74
Where was the emperor Nero born?
Antium, Italia
75
How did Nero become emperor?
He was the grandson of Germanicus, nephew of Caligula, grandnephew, step- and adopted son of Claudius; great-great-grandson of Augustus.
76
Give the dates of Nero's reign.
October 13, 54 AD – June 9, 68 AD
77
On what day did the emperor Nero die?
June 9, 68 AD
78
How did the emperor Nero die?
Committed suicide after being declared a public enemy by the Senate.
79
How long was Nero an emperor?
13 Years, 8 Months
80
Who succeeded the emperor Nero?
Galba
81
What dynasty did Galba found?
Year of Four Emperors or the Civil War Emperors
82
Give the emperor Galba's full name.
Servius Sulpicius Galba Caesar Augustus
83
On what day was the emperor Galba born?
December 24 3 BC
84
Where was the emperor Galba born?
Near Terracina, Italia
85
How did Galba become emperor?
He seized power after Nero's suicide, with support of the Spanish legions
86
Give the dates of Galba's reign.
June 8, 68 AD – January 15, 69 AD
87
On what day did the emperor Galba die?
January 15, 69 AD
88
How did the emperor Galba die?
Murdered by Praetorian Guard in coup led by Otho.
89
How long was Galba an emperor?
7 Months
90
Who succeeded the emperor Galba?
Otho
91
Give the emperor Otho's full name.
Marcus Salvius Otho Caesar Augustus
92
On what day was the emperor Otho born?
April 28, 32 AD
93
Where was the emperor Otho born?
Ferentinum, Etruria, Italia
94
How did Otho become emperor?
He was appointed by Praetorian Guard
95
Give the dates of Otho's reign.
January 15, 69 AD – April 16, 69 AD
96
On what day did the emperor Otho die?
April 16, 69 AD
97
How did the emperor Otho die?
Committed suicide after losing Battle of Bedriacum to Vitellius
98
How long was Otho an emperor?
3 months 1 day (91 days)
99
Who succeeded the emperor Otho?
Vitellius
100
Give the emperor Vitellius' full name.
Aulus Vitellius Germanicus Augustus
101
On what day was the emperor Vitellius born?
September 24, 15 AD
102
Where was the emperor Vitellius born?
Rome, Italia
103
How did Vitellius become emperor?
He seized power with support of German Legions (in opposition to Galba/Otho)
104
Give the dates of Vitellius' reign.
April 17, 69 AD – December 20, 69 AD
105
On what day did the emperor Vitellius die?
December 20, 69 AD
106
How did the emperor Vitellius die?
Murdered by Vespasian's troops
107
How long was Vitellius an emperor?
8 Months
108
Who succeeded the emperor Vitellius?
Vespasian
109
What dynasty did Vespasian found?
Flavian Dynasty
110
Give the emperor Vespasian's full name.
Titus Flavius Caesar Vespasianus Augustus
111
On what day was the emperor Vespasian born?
November 17, 9 AD
112
Where was the emperor Vespasian born?
Falacrine, Italia
113
How did Vespasian become emperor?
He seized power with the support of the eastern Legions (in opposition to Vitellius)
114
Give the dates of Vespasian's reign.
July 1, 69 AD – June 24, 79 AD
115
On what day did the emperor Vespasian die?
June 24, 79 AD
116
How did the emperor Vespasian die?
Natural causes
117
How long was Vespasian an emperor?
10 years
118
Who succeeded the emperor Vespasian?
Titus
119
Give the emperor Titus' full name.
Titus Flavius Caesar Vespasianus Augustus
120
On what day was the emperor Titus born?
December 30, 39 AD
121
Where was the emperor Titus born?
Rome, Italia
122
How did Titus become emperor?
He was the son of Vespasian
123
Give the dates of Titus' reign.
June 24, 79 AD – September 13, 81 AD
124
On what day did the emperor Titus die?
September 13, 81 AD
125
How did the emperor Titus die?
Natural causes (Plague)
126
How long was Titus an emperor?
2 years, 3 months
127
Who succeeded the emperor Titus?
Domitian
128
Give the emperor Domitian's full name.
Titus Flavius Caesar Domitianus Augustus
129
On what day was the emperor Domitian born?
October 24, 51 AD
130
Where was the emperor Domitian born?
Rome, Italia
131
How did Domitian become emperor?
He was the son of Vespasian
132
Give the dates of Domitian's reign.
September 14, 81 AD – September 18, 96 AD
133
On what day did the emperor Domitian die?
September 18, 96 AD
134
How did the emperor Domitian die?
Assassinated by court officials
135
How long was Domitian an emperor?
15 years
136
Who succeeded the emperor Domitian?
Nerva
137
What dynasty did Nerva found?
Nerva-Antonine Dynasty
138
Give the emperor Nerva's full name.
Marcus Cocceius Nerva Caesar Augustus
139
On what day was the emperor Nerva born?
November 8, 30 AD
140
Where was the emperor Nerva born?
Narni (Narnia), Italia
141
How did Nerva become emperor?
He was appointed by the Senate
142
Give the dates of Nerva's reign.
September 18, 96 AD – January 27, 98 AD
143
On what day did the emperor Nerva die?
January 27, 98 AD
144
How did the emperor Nerva die?
Natural causes
145
How long was Nerva an emperor?
1 year, 4 months
146
Who succeeded the emperor Nerva?
Trajan
147
Give the emperor Trajan's full name.
Caesar Marcus Ulpius Nerva Traianus
148
On what day was the emperor Trajan born?
September 18, 53 AD
149
Where was the emperor Trajan born?
Italica, Hispania Baetica
150
How did Trajan become emperor?
He was the adopted son and heir of Nerva
151
Give the dates of Trajan's reign.
January 28, 98 AD – August 7, 117 AD
152
On what day did the emperor Trajan die?
August 7, 117 AD
153
How did the emperor Trajan die?
Natural causes
154
How long was Trajan an emperor?
19 years, 7 months
155
Who succeeded the emperor Trajan?
Hadrian
156
Give the emperor Hadrian's full name.
Caesar Publius Aelius Traianus Hadrianus Augustus
157
On what day was the emperor Hadrian born?
January 24, 76 AD
158
Where was the emperor Hadrian born?
Italica, Hispania Baetica (or possibly Rome, Italia)
159
How did Hadrian become emperor?
He was the adopted son and heir of Trajan
160
Give the dates of Hadrian's reign.
August 11, 117 AD – July 10, 138 AD
161
On what day did the emperor Hadrian die?
July 10, 138 AD
162
How did the emperor Hadrian die?
Natural causes
163
How long was Hadrian an emperor?
21 years
164
Who succeeded the emperor Hadrian?
Antoninus Pius
165
Give the emperor Antoninus Pius' full name.
Caesar Titus Aelius Hadrianus Antoninus Augustus Pius
166
On what day was the emperor Antoninus Pius born?
September 19, 86 AD
167
Where was the emperor Antoninus Pius born?
Near Lanuvium, Italia
168
How did Antoninus Pius become emperor?
He was the adopted son and heir of Hadrian
169
Give the dates of Antoninus Pius' reign.
July 10, 138 AD – March 7, 161 AD
170
On what day did the emperor Antoninus Pius die?
March 7, 161 AD
171
How did the emperor Antoninus Pius die?
Natural causes
172
How long was Antoninus Pius an emperor?
22 years, 7 months
173
Who succeeded the emperor Antoninus Pius?
Lucius Verus and Marcus Aurelius
174
Give the emperor Lucius Verus' full name.
Caesar Lucius Aurelius Verus Augustus
175
On what day was the emperor Lucius Verus born?
December 15, 130 AD
176
Where was the emperor Lucius Verus born?
Rome, Italia
177
How did Lucius Verus become emperor?
He was an adopted son and heir of Antoninus Pius
178
Who was a co-emperor with Lucius Verus?
Marcus Aurelius
179
Give the dates of Lucius Verus' reign.
March 7, 161 AD – ? March 169 AD
180
On what day did the emperor Lucius Verus die?
March 169 AD
181
How did the emperor Lucius Verus die?
Natural causes (Plague)
182
How long was Lucius Verus an emperor?
8 years
183
Give the emperor Marcus Aurelius' full name.
Caesar Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus
184
On what day was the emperor Marcus Aurelius born?
April 26, 121 AD
185
Where was the emperor Marcus Aurelius born?
Rome, Italia
186
How did Marcus Aurelius become emperor?
He was an adopted son and heir of Antoninus Pius
187
Who was a co-emperor with Marcus Aurelius?
Lucius Verus
188
Give the dates of Marcus Aurelius' reign.
March 7, 161 AD – March 17, 180 AD
189
On what day did the emperor Marcus Aurelius die?
March 17, 180 AD
190
How did the emperor Marcus Aurelius die?
Natural causes
191
How long was Marcus Aurelius an emperor?
19 years
192
What was the first dynasty of the Roman Empire?
Julio-Claudian Dynasty
193
Name the emperors of the Julio-Claudian Dynasty in order.
Augustus, TIberius, Caligula, Claudius, and Nero
194
Give the years of the Julio-Claudian Dynasty.
27 BC - 68 AD
195
Which dynasty came after the Julio-Claudian Dynasty?
Year of Four Emperors or Civil War Emperors
196
Name the Civil War Emperors in order.
Galba, Otho, Vitellius, and Vespasian
197
What year is known as the Year of Four Emperors?
69 AD
198
Which dynasty came after the Year of Four Emperors?
Flavian Dynasty
199
Name the emperors of the Flavian Dynasty in order.
Vespasian, Titus, and Domitian
200
Give the years of the Flavian Dynasty.
69 AD - 96 AD
201
Which dynasty came after the Flavian Dynasty?
Nerva-Antonine Dynasty
202
What were the first five, excluding Lucius Verus, emperors of the Nerva-Antonine Dynasty collectively known as?
Five Good Emperors
203
Name the Five Good Emperors in order.
Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, and Marcus Aurelius
204
Give the years of the Five Good Emperors.
96 AD - 180 AD
205
Name the emperors of the Nerva-Antonine Dynasty in order.
Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, Lucius Verus, Marcus Aurelius, and Commodus
206
Which dynasty came after the Nerva-Antonine Dynasty?
Year of Five Emperors
207
Name the legitimate emperors of the Year of Five Emperors in order.
Pertinax, Diddius Julianus, and Septimius Severus
208
Name the legitimate and illegitimate emperors of the Year of Five Emperors in order.
Pertinax, Diddius Julianus, Pescennius Niger, Clodius Albinus, and Septimius Severus
209
What year is known as the Year of Five Emperors?
193 AD
210
Which dynasty came after the Year of Five Emperors?
Severan Dynasty
211
Name the emperors of the Severan Dynasty in order.
Septimius Severus, Caracalla, Geta, Macrinas, Elagabalus, and Severus Alexander
212
Give the years of the Severan Dynasty.
193 AD - 235 AD
213
What was the name for the main entrance hallway in a Roman house?
Vestibulum (also considered Atrium if there is no hallway leading into the Atrium).
214
What was the name for the generic word for a hallway in a Roman house?
Fauces
215
What was the name for the most important room in a Roman house?
Atrium
216
What was the name for the room where clients were greeted in a Roman house?
Atrium
217
What was the name for the shallow rectangular sunken portion of the Atrium used to gather rainwater in a Roman house?
Impluvium
218
What was the name for the office of the master of the family in a Roman house?
Tablinum
219
What was the name for the dining room in a Roman house?
Triclinium
220
How many couches were in the triclinium?
Three
221
What was the name for the open rooms on each side of the atrium in a Roman house?
Alae
222
What was the name for the bedroom in a Roman house?
Cubiculum
223
What was the name for the servant's entrance or back door in a Roman house?
Posticum
224
What was the name for the front door in a Roman house?
Ostium
225
What was the name for the shops in a Roman house?
Tabernae
226
What was the name for the roof over atrium which was purposely slanted to drain rain water into a pool in a Roman house?
Compluvium
227
What was the name for the columnated garden in a Roman house?
Peristyle (Peristylium)
228
What was the name for the fish pond in a Roman house?
Piscina
229
What was the name for the suitable place for a philosophical conversation in a Roman house?
Exedra
230
Give the two names for the Roman Baths.
Thermae and Balneae
231
What was the changing room of a Roman Bath?
Apodyterium
232
What was the cold bath of a Roman Bath called?
Frigidarium
233
What was the warm bath of a Roma Bath called?
Tepidarium
234
What was the hot bath of a Roman Bath called?
Caldarium
235
Give the typical order that a Roman would take a bath in?
First the Frigidarium, then the Tepidarium, and finally the Caldarium
236
What was the furnace of the Roman Baths called?
Hypocaust
237
What was the sweating room of the Roman Baths called?
Laconicum
238
What was the scrapinging room where Roman would get oil scraped off called?
Unctorium
239
What was the scraping tool used to scrape off oil in the Roman Baths called?
Strigil (Strigiles plural)
240
What was the exercise are in the Roman Baths called?
palaestra
241
In chariot races, what were metae?
turning posts
242
In chariot races, what was the spina?
backbone around which they raced
243
In chariot races, what was the usual number of laps?
seven
244
How many people could be held in the Circus Maximus?
250,000
245
What were ludi circenses?
chariot races
246
In chariot races, what were factiones?
racing companies
247
In chariot races, what were the colors of the factiones?
red (russata), white (albata), blue (veneta), green (prasina)
248
In chariot races, which were the original factiones?
red and white
249
In chariot races, which were the longest lasting factiones?
blue and green
250
Where is the Circus Maximus located?
between the Palatine and Aventine hills
251
In chariot races, what was the term for the white cloth dropped to start the race?
mappa
252
In chariot races, what was a biga?
two-horse chariot
253
In chariot races, what was a quadriga?
four-horse chariot
254
In chariot races, what was an auriga?
charioteer
255
In chariot races, what was a curriculum?
successfully completed lap
256
In chariot races, what were carceres?
starting gates
257
In the arena, what characteristics made up the Myrmillo?
fought with a helmet, oblong shield, sword, fish crest of helmet
258
In the arena, who would Myrmillones usually fight?
either Retiarii or Thracians
259
In the arena, what characteristics made up the Retiarius?
lightly clad, armed with a net and trident
260
In the arena, who would Retiarii usually fight?
either Myrmillones or Secutores
261
In the arena, what characteristics made up the Samnite?
oblong shield, visored helmet, sword
262
In the arena, what characteristics made up the Thracian?
small round shield, curved scimitar
263
In the arena, what characteristics made up the Bestiarius?
hunters - fought wild beasts
264
In the arena, what characteristics made up the Essedarius?
rode chariots with two horses
265
In the arena, what characteristics made up the Andabata?
heavily armed, but can't see out of visored helmet
266
In the arena, what characteristics made up the Laquearius?
armed with lasso and a curved piece of wood
267
In the arena, what characteristics made up the Secutores?
"pursuers" - like Samnite but without the neck protector
268
In the arena, what characteristics made up the Hoplomachus?
full-armed with a breastplate and visored helmet
269
In the arena, what was a rudis?
wooden sword given to gladiators on their retirement
270
In the arena, what was a lanista?
gladiator trainer
271
In the arena, who was the editor munerum?
giver of games
272
In the arena, what was the arena?
(also called harena) sand put down to absorb the blood from a gladiator match
273
In the arena, what were venationes?
hunts where Bestiarii fought wild beasts
274
In the arena, what was the premere pollicem?
to press the thumb against the forefinger - crowd wants to spare the gladiator's life
275
In the arena, what was the vertere pollicem?
turning the thumb upwards or towards the chest - to signify the death stroke
276
When were gladiator fights brought to Rome?
264 BC
277
Only at what events did gladiator fights originally happen?
funerals
278
In the arena, what were naumachiae?
mock naval battles - they flooded the arena
279
What were subligaculum?
underwear
280
Who wore a tunica?
everyone (like long t-shirt)
281
Who wore a toga praetexta?
boys under 16 and magistrates (with purple stripe)
282
Who wore a toga virilis?
all white - worn by men over 16
283
What were other names for the toga virilis?
toga pura or toga libera
284
When did boys give up their toga praetexta?
the Liberalia
285
Who wore the toga candida?
men running for office; bright white (chalk)
286
Who wore the toga pulla?
worn by men in mourning (called sordidati)
287
What was a stola?
women's dress
288
What was a palla?
women's shawl
289
What was a bulla?
child's good luck charm
290
What was a calceus?
shoe (for outdoors)
291
What was a solea?
sandal for indoors
292
What was a petasus?
broad-brimmed hat
293
What was a pilleus?
cap of freedom
