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OCR GCSE Classical Civilisation Roman City Life > Roman Home and Family > Flashcards

Roman Home and Family Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a gender role?

A

a culturally and socially determined set of expected behaviours, attitudes, and characteristics based on concepts of masculinity and femininity

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2
Q

What is the paterfamilias?

A

the oldest living male in a roman family and the head of a family

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3
Q

Who would the paterfamilias be the head of?

A

the extensive household, meaning the family but also slaves within the household.

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4
Q

What power did the paterfamilias have?

A

legal power over his entire household in early Roman times, this included the power of life and death.

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5
Q

What was the Latin word for the absolute power paterfamilias’ had?

A

Patria Patestas

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6
Q

What was the Paterfamilias responsible for?

A

-the welfare of the family
-education of children
-finding suitable marriages for his daughters
-purchase of slaves
-family worship and religious rights

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7
Q

What name were roman girls given?

A

the feminine name of their father

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8
Q

What were women expected to do in Rome?

A

spin wool and be loyal and hardworking at home

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9
Q

How young were girls betrothed?

A

10 years old

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10
Q

What were women expected to wear in public once they got engaged?

A

all the gifts their fiancé has sent them

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11
Q

What type of Paterfamilias’ were patrons ?

A

wealthy ones

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12
Q

What were the two classes in roman society

A

Patrician and Plebian

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13
Q

What was a Patrician and Plebian in the patron client system

A

the patrician was the patron
the plebian was the client

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14
Q

Why did clients need a patron?

A

Poorer Romans in need of money would attach them selves as clients to a wealthy man, the patron

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15
Q

What were clients expected to do?

A

Clients were expected to appear at their patron’s house at dawn every morning-called morning salutatio-; later, they might be required to accompany him to the forum or to the baths.

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16
Q

How did a patron benefit from the patron client system?

A

clients acted as their master’s supporters and were expected to vote for him if he ran for political office, so the more clients a patron had the more popular they would be giving them higher chances of getting a position of power.

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17
Q

What is a word used to describe the relationship between the patron and client?

A

reciprocal relationship

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18
Q

What did a client gain from the patron client system?

A

-they would receive sportula
-possible business opportunities
-if very lucky an invitation to dine with their patron

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19
Q

What is a sportula?

A

a gift or donation given to the poor

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20
Q

How would a person get a patron?

A

they would inherit their father’s patron

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21
Q

What does Thalamus’ inscription show about the patron client system?

A

That clients often showed support for their patrons in elections

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22
Q

What would roman boys learn at home?

A

the trades of their father, basic literacy and numeracy

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23
Q

What would roman girls learn at home?

A

how to manage a household from their mother

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24
Q

What was the roman educational system influenced by?

A

Greek civilisation

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25
Q

Where would schools in Rome be located?

A

-simple room
-perhaps the back room of a shop
-room in a house or apartment building
-in public places

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26
Q

What does the graffiti on the side of a column talk about?

A

a teacher thanking parents for paying the child’s school fees

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27
Q

What the graffiti on the side of a column tell us about school in Rome?

A

Teachers were paid large amounts of money

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28
Q

TRUE OR FALSE
School fees were expensive.

A

false school fees were cheap

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29
Q

What does Martial say about school in Rome?

A

He expresses his deep hatred for his teacher and how early school began

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30
Q

What does Martials comment on school in Rome show about how it was like?

A

Shows that teachers were harsh
shows both girls and boys were educated
shows school starts really early

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31
Q

Why would school in rome begin really early?

A

allowed the teacher to make the most use of the quietest time of day, before the streets filled up with people conducting their business.

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32
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
there were no exams in roman schools

A

True

33
Q

What was corporal punishment?

A

used as a was to enforce discipline , often involved flogging

34
Q

What was the first stage of education called?

A

The litterator

35
Q

At what age would a child join the litterator?

A

7-12

36
Q

What subjects would students study at the litterator?

A

reading, writing and basic arithmetic

37
Q

What was education like at the stage of the litterator?

A

-very repetitive as students would practice writing letters and after that copy out phrases

38
Q

What were some pieces of equipment used at the litterator stage?

A

wax tablets
stilus
papyrus
pen and ink

39
Q

What does the “dairy of a roman schoolboy” talk about

A

-what a roman school class was like
-the activities that take place
-the equipment needed for school

40
Q

What does “dairy of a roman schoolboy” tell us about the litterator stage of roman education?

A

-wealthy students had slaves to carry their stuff around
-they wrote on wax tablets
-the lesson were very repetitive
-classes were very small

41
Q

What was the second stage of of roman education

A

The Grammaticus

42
Q

At what age would a child be at the Grammaticus?

A

at ages 12-16 if their family was wealthy enough

43
Q

What would students mostly study in the Grammaticus?

A

Greek and roman language and literature

44
Q

What writers were often studied in the Grammaticus?

A

Cicero, Livy, Virgil, Horace and Ovid

45
Q

What was a standard text students would study in the Grammaticus?

A

Virgil’s Aeneid

46
Q

Why was Greek taught in the Grammaticus?

A

This was considered the language of educated people, partly because there had been so many great thinkers and writers in the ancient Greek world
It was also because most of the eastern roman empire spoke it.

47
Q

What other subjects were studied in the Grammaticus?

A

music, astronomy, philosophy and natural science

48
Q

What was the third stage of Roman education?

A

The Rhetor

49
Q

Who would be able to move onto the school of the rhetor?

A

children from very privileged families

50
Q

At what age would a child join the rhetor?

A

16

51
Q

What was the main subject at the rhetor?

A

public speaking

52
Q

Why was public speaking so important in rome?

A

a successful public figure in Rome had to be able to speak well in front of a large crowd of people

53
Q

What were students taught at the Rhetor?

A

-how to write speeches
-how to deliver speeches-with facial expression and hand gestures
-how to debate

54
Q

What was a Cena

A

Roman dinner party

55
Q

Who were Cena’s important for?

A

wealthy romans

56
Q

What would the Paterfamilias use a cena for?

A

to promote and confirm his social status

57
Q

Which groups of people were sometimes invited to a cena?

A

freedmen and clients

58
Q

When would a cena typically begin?

A

late afternoon, after the host and guests had spent time at the baths

59
Q

What would guests to a cena wear?

A

formal evening clothes- (togas for men and stolas for women)

60
Q

What was the first thing that was done at a cena?

A

admire the art and paintings in the house before being shown by a slave into the triclinium

61
Q

What does triclinium mean?

A

three couch room

62
Q

How would guests sit to eat?

A

-Guests would recline on these couches as they ate (normally with three guests to a couch).
-Couches were covered in mattresses for comfort and each place was divided by cushions.
-Guests lay in the reclining position, leaning on their left elbows.

63
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
seating and arrangement at a cena did not matter

A

False: it was a sign of the social status of the
guests

64
Q

Where was the seat of highest status?

A

at the low end of the medium couch

65
Q

Why did the middle couch hold the most status?

A

faced out towards the entrance to the triclinium and, leaning on one’s left elbow this usually offered the best view of a garden or works of art opposite

66
Q

Where was the seat of the cena host?

A

high end of the low couch as it was next to the guest of honour seat

67
Q

How many courses were in a roman dinner party?

A

3

68
Q

What was the first course of the roman dinner party made up of?

A

light appetisers such as eggs, olives and or salads which was often followed by mulsum

69
Q

what is mulsum

A

a type of wine sweetened by honey

70
Q

What did the second course of a roman dinner party consist of?

A

the main course: selection of meats or fish with vegetables and a variety of sauces

71
Q

What did the final course of a roman dinner party consist of ?

A

desserts: consist of fruit, nuts or simple sweet- cakes

72
Q

How would the host show off at a cena?

A

by serving a variety of foods and recipes, as well as good quality wine, both red and white

73
Q

How would some hosts serve food?

A

serve different qualities of food and wine to guests depending on their social classes

74
Q

Give one wealthy roman that disapproves of giving people of different classes different food?

A

Pliny

75
Q

What were the forms of entertainment at a cena?

A

-extended session of drinking wine
-dancers
-acrobats and clowns
-gambling
-discussions about the literature and philosophy

76
Q

What were special about the drinking session?

A

Romans always watered down their wine, perhaps by adding as much as
four-fifths of water to one-fifth of wine

77
Q

What is the ‘inscription by a dinner party host’ about?

A

lists the standards the host expected from his guests

78
Q

What does the ‘inscription by a dinner party host’ tell us about a cena?

A

-guests should have their feet washed by slaves and take care not to dirty the furniture. -male diners are not to flirt with another man’s wife
-diners should go home if they are likely to start an argument.

OCR GCSE Classical Civilisation Roman City Life (7 decks)

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