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World History 1 > Roman Empire > Flashcards

Roman Empire Flashcards

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0
Q

Where was Rome built?

A

Rome was built on the edge of the Tiber River and on the Seven Rolling Hills.

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1
Q

Who founded Rome? Who were they?

A

Romulus and Remus

They were the son of Mars and a Latin Princess. They survived an attempted drowning and were raised by a she wolf.

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2
Q

Who inhabited the area around Rome? What were they?

A

The Latins, Greeks, and the Etruscans inhabited the area. They were farmers and shepherds. They settled on Latium. They built on Palatine Hill.

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3
Q

Who were the Etruscans?

A

They were skilled metal workers and engineers. They had a system of writing and they influenced roman architecture.

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4
Q

What was Roman religion like?

A

They adopted Etruscan rituals for worship. They adopted many Greek myths and just changed their names.

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5
Q

Who was the last king of Rome?

A

His name was Tarqin the Proud and he was a harsh tyrant.

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6
Q

What is a Republic?

A

It is a form of government in which power rests with citizens who have the right to vote to select their leaders

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7
Q

Who was Hannibal?

A

He was a brilliant military strategist. He was a general from Carthage.

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8
Q

Who were the Patricians?

A

They were the aristocratic landowners who held the most power.

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9
Q

Who were the Plebeians?

A

They were the common farmers, artisans, and the merchants who made up the majority of the population.

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10
Q

Who were the Tribunes?

A

They were representatives elected to protect the rights of the Plebeians.

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11
Q

What were the Twelve Tablets?

A

They were the written down laws of Rome.

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12
Q

Who were the Consuls?

A

They commanded the army and directed the government. There were two of them.

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13
Q

Who were the Senate?

A

They were the aristocratic branch of Rome’s government and it originally contained 300 members.

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14
Q

What is a Dictator?

A

A dictator is someone who is elected to rule during an emergency.

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15
Q

What is a Legion?

A

It is a large military unit

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16
Q

Who were the Guals?

A

They were the people who sacked Rome (destroyed the city and took all its treasure).

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17
Q

Why did Carthage and Rome fight?

A

They wanted control over the Mediterranean Sea.

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18
Q

Who was Scipio?

A

He was a Roman general who fought against Hannibal an won.

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19
Q

What was the geography of the area surrounding Rome?

A

The geography had the Italian Peninsula, arable land, and Rome was the major city.

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20
Q

What was the government of Rome like?

A

It was a Republic.

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21
Q

What was Rome’s government in 753 BCE to 509 BCE?

A

Early Rome was a Monarchy.

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22
Q

What happened in 625 BCE?

A

The Roman Forum was created.

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23
Q

What happened in 575 BCE?

A

The Appian Way was built.

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24
Q

Where does power come from?

A

The Paterfamilias had the power

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25
Q

Who had the most political power?

A

Patricians

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26
Q

How did children get their social classes?

A

The children inherited their parent’s social class.

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27
Q

Who were the poor people with no rights or political

voice?

A

Plebeians/Plebes

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28
Q

What happened in 494 BCE?

A

An executive office for Plebes called Tribunes.

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29
Q

What was created in 471 BCE?

A

The tribal assembly was created.

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30
Q

What was written in 450 BCE?

A

The twelve tablets were written.

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31
Q

What happened in 445 BCE?

A

The right to intermarry between classes was given.

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32
Q

What happened in 367 BCE?

A

People were given the right to elect a Consul.

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33
Q

What happened in 300 BCE?

A

Plebes can hold office.

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34
Q

What happened in 287 BCE?

A

Laws were passed by the Tribal Assembly that applied to all citizens.

35
Q

What is a Latifundia?

A

It is the huge estates were rich landowners lived.

36
Q

Who was in the first triumvirate?

A

Pompey, Crassus, and Caesar

37
Q

What did Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus do?

A
  1. The problem in Rome was the wealth gap.
  2. Violence gives you a political advantage.
  3. Use the masses to control Rome.
38
Q

Who was in the second triumvirate?

A

Marc Anthony, Octavian, and Lepidus

39
Q

What does Pax Romana mean?

A

Roman Peace

40
Q

What does Gravitas mean?

A

It means a person with strength, loyalty, and discipline.

42
Q

Who were the Consuls?

A

There were 2 consuls
They lead the army; Chief administrators
They had a 1 year term
Possessed Imperium

43
Q

Who were the Praetors?

A

They controlled Rome when the Consuls were away
They carried out the laws
They were elected to govern new provinces that were conquered

44
Q

Who was the Senate?

A

It contained 300 people
They had life long jobs
Members were Patricians
They advised the Magistrates

45
Q

Who was the Centuriate Assembly?

A

It was comprised of Citizen-Soldiers
They elected the Chief and Magistrates that passed laws
It was dominated by the wealthiest

46
Q

What was the Tribal Assembly?

A

It was comprised of Plebeians

It gave poorer citizens more representation

47
Q

What happened in 493 BCE?

A

The Latins, Etruscans, and Greeks said that all Romans were Equal.

48
Q

What happened in 396 BCE?

A

Veii was conquered

49
Q

What happened in 387 BCE?

A

The Gauls invaded Rome

50
Q

What happened in 340 BCE?

A

The Latins rebelled

51
Q

What happened in 338 BCE?

A

The rebellion was crushed and new classes were formed.
The conquered territories couldn’t vote
The allies of Rome had no rights

52
Q

What happened from 281 - 267 BCE?

A

The Pyrrhic War occured

53
Q

What battle did Hannibal win?

A

The Battle of Cannae in 216 BCE

54
Q

Who were the Gracchus brothers?

A

They were Tiberius and Gaius

They tried to limit the size of the Latifundia

55
Q

Who was Marius?

A

He was elected to consul in 107 BCE.

He recruits the urban landless proletariat to the army.

56
Q

What were Caesar’s reforms?

A

He added 600 members to the Senate
He extends citizenship to Roman Provinces
Establishes more colonies

57
Q

At what battle did Caesar kill Pompey?

A

The Battle of Pharsalus in 48 BCE.

58
Q

Why did people like Christianity?

A 
It embraced all people
Gave hope to powerless
Promised eternal life after death
Offered a personal relationship with God
Appealed to non-Romans
59
Q

What is a Bishop?

A

It is a priest.

60
Q

Who was Constantine?

A

He was a Roman emperor who prayed for divine help and saw a symbol in the sky. After this, he ended the persecution of all Christians.

61
Q

What was a Hearsay?

A

It was a belief that appeared to contradict the basic teachings.

62
Q

Who was Augastine?

A

He wrote the City Of God.

63
Q

Who was Diocletian?

A

He was a strong willed army leader who doubled the size of the Roman Armies. He persecuted Christians.

64
Q

What did Octavian change his name to?

A

Augustus

65
Q

Who took the Eastern side of the Roman Empire?

A

Marc Antony took the East and teamed up with Cleopatra of Egypt.

66
Q

Who took the Western side of the Roman Empire?

A

Octavian

67
Q

At what battle did Octavian defeat Marc Antony and Cleopatra?

A

The Battle of Actium

68
Q

What does Augustus do to the Senate during his rule?

A

He makes the Senate his personal advisory group.

69
Q

Who controls the military: the Senate or Augustus?

A

Augustus

70
Q

What two positions was Augustus elected to in 23 BCE?

A

He was elected to Consul and Tribune

71
Q

What was Augustus elected to in 12 BCE?

A

He was elected to Chief Pontiff

72
Q

What was Meritocracy?

A

It was the type of government in which people moved up in position based on skill or talent.
It assisted in closing the wealth gap.

73
Q

What did the Julio-Claudians do?

A

They used Bureaucracy and linked it to the military.

74
Q

What did the Five Good Emperors do?

A

They expanded the territory of Rome
They solidified the frontier
They gave the illusion of a Republic

75
Q

What was the Religious Text of Christianity?

A

It was the Bible- Old and New Testament.

76
Q

What became the unifying force in Europe?

A

The Church

77
Q

What were the First Four Books of the Bible called?

A

They were called Gospels.

78
Q

What were the books in the New Testament called?

A

They were called Acts

79
Q

What were the letters in the Bible called?

A

They were called Epistles.

80
Q

What was the early church Hierarchy?

A

Pope
Bishop
Priest
Congregation

81
Q

What were the problems during the Decline of the Roman Empire?

A
  1. Attacks by Barbarians
  2. Internal Instability
  3. Economic Meltdown
82
Q

What was the Internal Instability?

A

It was over who would rule
The citizens wanted a ruler from adoption
The army wanted hereditary succession
The senate wanted to elect the new ruler

83
Q

How did Diocletian rule?

A

He ruled as a Autocrat.

He created a Tetrarchy

84
Q

What was written in 313 BCE?

A

The Edict of Milan

Made Christianity legal

85
Q

What was the Council of Nicaea?

A

It was where the Nicene Creed was written.

86
Q

What brought water to cities in Rome?

A

Aqueducts

World History 1 (3 decks)

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