Roman Control & Life under Roman rule

Question 1

tacitus 14.31

Answer 1

‘A temple also erected to the Divine Claudius was ever before their eyes, a citadel, as it seemed, of perpetual tyranny.
Men chosen as priests had to squander their whole fortunes under the pretense of a religious ceremonial.’

Question 2

Claudius’ Aureas

Answer 2

Aureus depicting the triumphal arch from the conquest of britain. Minted between 46 and 50. Arch was not completed until 51AD.

Question 3

Suetonius Claudius 17

Answer 3

‘Desiring the glory of a legitimate triumph, he chose Britain as the best place for gaining it.’

Question 4

Tacitus Agricola 18

Answer 4

‘Slaughtered almost the entire nation.’ Ordovices

Question 5

Tacitus Agricola 19

Answer 5

‘He eased the levy of grain and tribute.’ Although this reflects well on Agricola, it suggests that Taxation was burdensome before his reforms.

Question 6

Tacitus Agricola 21

Answer 6

‘To induce a people hitherto scattered, uncivilised and therefore prone to fight to grow pleasurably inured to peace.’ Agricola encouraged individuals and assisted communities to build temples, public squares and proper houses.’

Question 7

Agricultural improvements

Answer 7

Addition of a coulter to ploughs, Better grain storage, The introduction of spelt wheat, improved animal husbandry

Question 8

Roman Villas

Answer 8

Large villa estates such as fishbourne. Had a road leading to it from Chichester, Ornamental gardens and over 100 rooms.

Question 9

Urbanisation

Answer 9

The movement of people en masse to villages centred around Roman forts, forum basilica complexes or colonies.

Question 10

resource exploitation?

Answer 10

Mendip lead pig.

Question 11

Evidence of Syncretism?

Answer 11

Sulis-minerva altar at bath / Mercury-Rosmerta

Question 12

~117AD SHA 5.1

Answer 12

‘The britons could not be kept under Roman control.’

Question 13

Vindolanda tablet strength report

Answer 13

reveals a shortage of centurions. 6/10 with 3 of those on other duties around the province. Shows that there was no requirement for military leadership at Hadrian’s wall.

Question 14

normal life at the wall?

Answer 14

Invitation of Lepidina

Question 15

Evidence of Roman Tolerance of Celtic Religion

Answer 15

Shrine of water-goddess Conventina near Carrawburgh. Alongside shrines to the Mithraeum and genus loci. dedicated a prefect.

Question 16

Dio 62.3

Answer 16

‘Among the rest of mankind death frees even those who are in slavery to others’

Question 17

Tacitus Annals 12.31

Answer 17

‘Prepared to disarm the suspect and to overawe the whole district on this side of the Trent and Severn.’

Question 18

Tomb suggesting family life

Answer 18

Tomb of Sdapeze, Thracian cavalry. dedicated by his ‘heirs under his will.’

Question 19

Claudius’ invasion of britain for personal glory?

Answer 19

Sebasteion at Aphrodisias

Question 20

14.31, Tacitus on the veterans’ treatment of the British at Camulodonum

Answer 20

The new colonists at Camulodonum had expelled them from their homes and driven them from their land, calling them prisoners and slaves

Question 21

14.35

Answer 21

Avenging lost liberty, scourging the violation of my daughters… that is my resolve, and I am a woman. Men may live and be slaves

Question 22

62.3.1

Answer 22

how much better to have died by the sword tan to live and be taxed by it

Question 23

Agricola 17

Answer 23

Petilius Cerialis at once struck terror into the their hearts by attacking the state of the Brigantes [cerialis] He subdued by force of arms the strong and warlike nation of the Silures [frontius]

Question 24

Tacitus Agricola 21

Answer 24

‘[Agricola] incited them, by private instigations and public encouragements, to erect temples, courts of justice, and dwelling-houses.