Roman classicism arts

Question 1

Augustus prima porta

Question 2

Head of a Roman Patrician

Answer 2

from Otricoli, c. 75–50 BCE, marble

Question 3

Augustus Velatus

Answer 3

looks young very different

Question 4

So-called Tivoli general

Answer 4

nude idealised body, heavy drapery around the waist, in a kind of toga pose. creased and and weatherworn face

Question 5

Portrait of Pompey

Answer 5

lined forehead, hair in the short style of Augustus, lined forehead and beady eyes. realistic

Question 6

Panel from the Altar of Domitius Ahenobarbus, 2nd c. BCE

Answer 6

an altar and a massive bull beig led forth, Apollo in contrapposto with a pose like the Apollo Belvedere. shows conscious classicism.

Question 7

Marine scene on the other sides of the altar

Answer 7

Hellenistic sea monster, Hippodrome. nude body. wedding of Peleus and Thetis.

Question 8

the mausoleum of Augustus

Answer 8

round, first major architectural construction. round base is eastern in design, obelisks, front is like peristyle. conical tumulus tomb

Question 9

Statues associated with Temple of Apollo Palatinus complex, dedicated 28 BCE

Answer 9

1. the idealised classical male nude torso
2. more korous/kourai types - frontal, chiton, bronze.

Question 10

Ara Pacis or Altar of Peace, consecrated on the Campus Martius in 9 BCE.

Answer 10

senate starts buying in, fusion of classical, Hellenistic, procession styles. mythology

Question 11

Caryatids in the attic of the colonnade in the Forum of Augustus, inaugurated
(unfinished) in 2BCE.

Answer 11

but give way to the larger temple to Mars, takes the classical and makes it larger on the Forum

Question 12

Gemma Augustea, 9-12 CE?, Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna.

Answer 12

depicts Augustus enthroned with an eagle under his throne - like Zeus surrounded by the gods. underneath the erection of the tropaeum, with bound barbarian enemy underneath. has a long papal history.

Question 13

Portrait of cladius, c.42

Answer 13

young, protruding ears, airbrushed, hairstyle similar to the short spiky Augustan hairstyle. takes the youth to an extreme.

Question 14

Panel showing Claudius defeating Britannia, Neronian in date.

Answer 14

feminised, chiton slipping off - not heroic nudity, it’s slipping off, modesty and dignity. arm reaching up imploringly. weaponisation and aethetisisation of gendered violence.

Question 15

sculpture of claudius with an eagle and sacrifice dish

Answer 15

nude, basiclaly a god, in pose of the prima porta. short haircut.

Question 16

Worcester head , statuette in British museum

Answer 16

the neronian portrait - a return to Hellenistic ideas, buys in to a degree. cuirass of Augustus

Question 17

Nero on coins

Answer 17

obverse has god/deity. greek. Nero wearing laurel, beard, curly hair, prominent features. not the idealised figure. adding BULK

Question 18

Vespasian

Answer 18

full nude, holding cloth next to him redundantly, bald head and face.

Question 19

Titus

Answer 19

adlocutio, patrician/orator

Question 20

Domitian

Answer 20

exaggerated gesture, drapery and NUDE cuirass, figures on the body, portrait face not airbrushed.

Question 21

Trajan

Answer 21

Prima porta with more extreme gesture, contrapposto stance, armour with cuirass for ekphrasis, head extreme airbrushed but with distinctive features, somehow looks older. bulk in torso, no longer as thin. more layers around the waist. emphasising his military power.

Question 22

Trajan’s column

Answer 22

continuation of the MASSIVE - the statue on the top is arguably the main event, but the complex narrative definitely adds to it

Question 23

Hadrian as Mars, Capitoline, 2nd c.

Answer 23

bearded, nude with helmet and shield, hunting strap.

Question 24

Via Sabina portraits, Met museum

Answer 24

setting a different image- hair styling and evoking /engaging with Venus

Question 25

Antinous nude

Answer 25

like the Doryphoros, idealised, curly hair

Question 26

Antinous in Egyptian garb

Answer 26

pharonic dress, wide upright torso with contrapposto, like the funerary wall paintings. sexuality in his phallus pointing through the fabric.

Question 27

Antinous becomes a cult figure

Answer 27

depiction in bronze and coins, varyingly young

Question 28

Hadrian’s villa at Tivoli

Answer 28

eclecticism - Amazon with breast bared- masculine form. discus thrower.

Question 29

Marcus Aurelius supernatural phenomen

Answer 29

degradation in 2nd and 3rd centuries.

Question 30

sarcophagi of cavalrymen

Answer 30

in such deep relief that its almost freestanding, but confusing composition

Question 31

bust of Maximinus Thrax (emperor 235-238 CE)

Answer 31

the patrician returns

Question 32

Trebonianus Gallus (co-emperor 251-3 CE). See bronze statue in the Metropolitan
Museum in New York

Answer 32

prima porta pose, face is bearded, off centre, lined, bulking figure, contrapposto stance, smalle arms, large torso. conscious bulk

Question 33

Early and late images of Gallienus (sole-ruler, 260-68 CE) and Rome’s Arco di
Portogallo.

Answer 33

return somewhat to the dreamy wide eyed claudian ruler, with some severity and frowning. beard

Question 34

relief with emperor on the podium

Answer 34

ilke a god.

Question 35

Diocletian (284-305 CE) and the Tetrarchy. Compare portraits from Asia Minor and
those possible portraits in black basalt from Egypt

Answer 35

bulkiness back, bulging eyes

Question 36

Tetrarchs in porphyry

Answer 36

emphasising clemency and equality

Question 37

Relief of the Tetrarchs from Nicomedia

Answer 37

the painted and embracing emperors, emphasises the transition. there are some slight differences between the men. they only met a handful of times.