Roman and Middle Aged Medicine Flashcards
What time period was Ancient Rome?
700 BC - 400 AD
Who were the main individuals who impacted the development of medicine during this time?
Hippocrates and Galen
What theories did Hippocrates believe in?
- Theory of the 4 Humours
- Clinical Observation (when treating)
- Natural Causes
- Theory of Miasma
What theories did Galen believe?
- Theory of opposites
- Brain controls body not the heart
What is the theory of the four humours?
Theory suggesting that blood, phlegm, yellow bile and black bile should be balanced in order to maintain the health of a body.
What is clinical observation?
Clinical observation is where a doctor or a healer could diagnose through looking at the patient.
What is the theory of opposites?
Theory suggesting that if one of the four humours is out of balance then the opposite must be done to cure it.
How did Galen make the discovery proving that the body was controlled by the brain not the heart?
He was experimenting with a pig and he showed that he could cut certain nerves in the brain but when he cut a specific nerve, the pig stopped squealing.
Who developed the Theory of the Four
Humours?
Hippocrates
What did the Greeks consider to be a healthy
body?
Balanced
How did Hippocrates suggest that Greek
Doctors cure their patients?
Clinical observation
What were believed to be the 4 liquids inside the
body?
Blood, Phlegm, Yellow bile and Black bile.
If someone had a fever how would the ancient
doctors treat them?
Bleed them
Who was Galen?
An anatomist who developed Hippocrates’ theories and ideas.
What did Galen call his theory?
Theory of opposites
Who did Galen develop his early medical skills
on?
Gladiators
How did fresh water arrive in Roman cities?
Aqueducts
What did the Roman sewers rely on to work
effectively?
Rain water
How many people could visit a Roman bath in a
week?
5000
Why were Roman latrines a good idea?
Stopped people urinating in the streets.
Who was Asclepius?
God of healing
Name two things that people thought caused
disease in the Middle Ages.
Miasma + God
How long were Galen’s ideas believed?
1500 years
Name 3 healers from the Middle Ages.
Wise woman, Trained physician and Barber surgeon.
Who controlled education in the Middle Ages?
Catholic church
When did the Black Death hit England?
1348
Name 3 symptoms of the Black Death.
Buboes, fever and fits.
Who were the flagellants?
Beat themselves
What was an apothecary?
Mixed medicines
Where were the poor treated in this period?
Monasteries
Name another infectious disease in this period.
Leprosy
