roman

Question 1

what are the two ideal qualities for a roman man

Answer 1

• upper class men expected to take part in politics
• public speaking was critical (taught as the last stage of a boy’s education)

Question 2

what are the four ideals for a roman woman

Answer 2

• Pudicitia (chastity) was a key concept of importance
• expected to be virgins when first married
• expected to take a strong role in running the household
• frugile and capable

Question 3

what was important in the roman republic and the roman empire

Answer 3

civitas (citizenship) and munera (duty)

Question 4

what could women not do in rome

Answer 4

hold public office
vote
serve in military (although some important generals brought their wives on campaigns)

Question 5

name 3 women who played an influential role on the men in political offices

Answer 5

Livia
Agrippina
Messakina

Question 6

what do paterfamilias and kyrios mean

Answer 6

greek and roman heads of household

Question 7

what would happen if a roman man died without male heirs

Answer 7

his wife would take over the role of paterfamilias although she would have a male relative advising her

Question 8

what could women do business wise in rome

Answer 8

could inherit and had a right to property
could have their own business and their own profits

Question 9

how did a woman demonstrate modesty and virtue to the husband

Answer 9

expected to be in the house when her husband entertained guests

Question 10

what is a sine manu marriage in rome

Answer 10

advantageous, a women would still inherit on her fathers death and could keep and acquire her own property

Question 11

what was the point of marriage in rome

Answer 11

production of legitimate heirs and political alliances

Question 12

what is a cum manu marriage

Answer 12

with power - a marriage where the husband gains legal power over a wife

Question 13

what was the betrothal period in rome like

Answer 13

a time for the families to get to know each other, this period could be broken at any point with no reprocutions

Question 14

what was the intent of marriage in Rome?

Answer 14

The intent of a couple to live together as husband and wife and divorce was the lack of that intent

Question 15

what does Suetonius say about Tiberius as being a political match

Answer 15

“Tiberius was forced to divorce, Agrippina, and immediately Mary, Augustus‘s daughter, Julia“

Question 16

what was the Lex Julia (Julian laws, 18 BC)

Answer 16

there were legal benefits for married, couples and families with three or more children. E.g. unmarried people could not accept legacies from wills

He encouraged remarriage (Livia was his third wife, and he her second husband)
Women expected to wait between marriages to avoid issues of paternity

Question 17

why could I man engage in sexual relations with the infamies?

Answer 17

They did not hold legal standing

Question 18

Why are women not allowed the same sexual freedom as men?

Answer 18

It would cause issues around paternity of children

Question 19

what are the attitudes to same-sex relationships in Rome

Answer 19

they were not allowed between Freeborn Roman males
There was no stigma attached to her moronic relations with a slave or infamies
It was more about status than gender

Question 20

why was sex about status not gender?

Answer 20

sex consisted of dominant or penetrative and passive or penetrated

As long as a citizen took the dominant role, his vurtis was not questioned

Question 21

What do we know about female same-sex relationships?

Answer 21

Last well documented, evidence from cursed tablets, graffiti and artwork. Suggest relationships of this kind did occur.

Question 22

What are the expectations around hard men and soft women

Answer 22

Effeminate man we refer to as molle (soft/girl) - massive insult close to a homophobic slur

Strong women were characterised as ultra-masculine lesbians

Question 23

what were the Roman attitudes to adultery?

Answer 23

Augustus is Lex Iuliae set punishment for adultery. Both parties could be exiled to separate islands in property confiscated, a man was expected to divorce his cheating wife

Question 24

what was good conduct in Rome

Answer 24

Women and men were expected to live modestly
Sexual promiscuity was banned

Question 25

What was illegal in Rome?

Answer 25

incest, Polygamy, intercourse, marriages, and adultery

Question 26

What was the difference between Greek and Roman statues for men?

Answer 26

Greek culture celebrated with a naked male figure, but tended to avoid direct phalli
In Roman culture, male statues tended to be closed in order to show citizenship by wearing a toga, the conquered were shown naked and stripped of their clothes however, phallic images were common in the Roman world

Question 27

Why were phallic images common in the Roman world?

Answer 27

The evil I could be awarded off by laughter and phallic images were funny even back then