ROM Flashcards
It is useful to remember that the ROM that causes pain is performed?
LAST
When patient moves body part themselves?
Active ROM
Movement done by examiner without patient assistance (normally greater than AROM)
Passive ROM
This is the end of active joint movement (as far as the patient can move)
Physiologic Barrier
The elastic resistance that is felt at end of passive ROM; further motion towards anatomic barrier may be induced passively by examiner.
Elastic Limit
The limit of anatomical integrity, limit of motion imposed by anatomic structures; forcing movement beyond this barrier will produce tissue damage (like sprain/strain/fracture)
Anatomic Limit
It is a discrete, short- range movements of independent of action of voluntary muscles, determined by springing each joint in neutral position.
Joint Play
A discrete. short range movements of a joint independent of action of voluntary muscles at the end or start of PROM.
End Play or End Feel / Passive Over Pressure (POP
Full ROM without pain
Normal finding
Full ROM with pain
minor sprain/strain
HypoMobility without pain
Tissue contracture, adhesions or joint dysfunction
Hypomobility with pain
Acute sprain with possible muscle guarding or joint dysfunction
HyperMobility without pain
Complete ligament rupture
Hypermobility with pain
Partial ligament tear or sprain (intact fibers are being stressed)
Area of increased movement beyond elastic barrier available after cavitation (popping sound) within joint’s elastic range (osseus manipulation zone)
Paraphysiological space
Most common end feel which occurs near end of ROM that is hard or firm type of movement, limited by tension in muscles and fascia (ex. cervical lateral flexion).
Tissue Stretch
A normal end feel with squeezing quality near end ROM, where soft tissue conpression prevents further motion(ex. elbow flexion)
Soft Tissue Approximation
Normal end feel with hard, firm, painless end ROM, limited by tension in ligaments (ex. normal knee extension)
Ligamentous End Feel
With hard, non giving, painless end ROM (ex. elbow extension)
Bone on Bone
Pathologic guarding or splinting feel caused by movement reduction secondary to reactive myospasm to protect the injured tissue (instability or trauma)
Muscle Spasm End Feel
There’s firm, decreased ROM accompanied with pain, but not myospasm, it is like boggy end feel (ex. in edema, adhesion, synovitis, adhesive capsulitis)
Capsular End feel
A bouncing or springy, seen in joints with menisci associated rebound effect (internal derangement and meniscal tears)
Springy BlocK End feel
Lack of normal end ROM resistance, usually associated with an increase ROM (common in instability, hypermobility, or ligament rupture)
Empty End Feel
