Postural And Gait Assessment

Question 1

It is defined as a synthesis of the positions of all body’s joints at any given time; it could be habitial or due to condition or activity.

Answer 1

Posture

Question 2

This is a thorough way to help MT to indicate any imbalance and misalignment of the body.

Answer 2

Postural Assesment

Question 3

This a reference line to check alignments in the client’s body; it has plumb bob ( a suitable weight amd does not touches the floor)

Answer 3

Plumb Line

Question 4

This is instrument needed for more accurately measuring pelvic angles.

Answer 4

Goniometer

Question 5

Position the client behind the plumb line with the plumb bob centered- between the client’s heel___________? between clients’ feet? __________ slightly anterior to the lateral malleolus?

Answer 5

Posterior View; Anterior; Lateral view postural assessment

Question 6

It is the distance from the point of 1st contact of one foot to the 1st contact of opposite foot is called?

Answer 6

Step Length

Question 7

It is the distance from thw point of contact of one foot to the next point of contact of the same foot is termed as?

Answer 7

Stride length

Question 8

The gait cycle is divided into 2 phase: ____________when the foot is in contact with the ground and bearing weight; and _________, when the foot is not fixed to the ground and is non weight bearing.

Answer 8

Stance Phase ; Swing Phase

Question 9

When the heel is usually the 1st point of contact; the weight of the trunk is aligned between the two limbs?

Answer 9

Initial Contact or Heel Strike

Question 10

When the foot is in pronation to allow it to adopt different terrain and posture while the trunk is aligned over the stance leg; as the person instinctively assesses whether the foot will bear the weight of the body.

Answer 10

Load Response or Flat foot

Question 11

When the trunk is still aligned over the stance leg and the pelvis drips slightly over the swing leg; as the foot supports the body, hip and knee move into extension actively.

Answer 11

Midstance or Push off

Question 12

When the hip, knee amd ankle begin to flex and the heel comes up off the ground; the trunk now shifts towards thw new stance leg.

Answer 12

Terminal Phase or Acceleration Phase

Question 13

This is the last part of stance phase, where in only the toes are in contact with the ground.

Answer 13

Pre Swing or Toe Off

Question 14

Occurs when hip continues to flex and medially rotate as the lnee flexes; then ankles moves into dorsiflexion to clear the ground while the trunk is aligned with the new stance.

Answer 14

Initial Swing Phase

Question 15

Occurs when the hip, knee and ankle continue to flex.

Answer 15

Mid Swing phase

Question 16

Occurs when the hip flexes and medially rotates and the knees moves into maximum extension; then ankle dorsiflexes and supinates while the trunk weight remains over the stance leg.

Answer 16

Terminal Swing or Deceleration Phase

Question 17

If the hip extensors are weak, what will happen?

Answer 17

Allows the trunk to lurch forward, so body compensate with increased lordosis.

Question 18

The knee will buckle if its extensors and flexors are weak and the person may use the hand to push the knee into extension, and this weakness may caused by?

Answer 18

Reflex Inhibition - related to L2-L4 nerve root lesion, internal knee derangement and Poliomyelitis

Question 19

When foot dorsiflexors are weak which allow the foot to drop or slap down on heel strike; and this weakness may due to?

Answer 19

Peroneal Neuropathy or L4 Nerve Root Lesion

Question 20

When there is pain in the heel on initial contact may indicate due to?

Answer 20

Heel Spur, Bruise or Calcaneal bursitis

Question 21

In this phase, the hip extensors, hip adductors, knee Extensor and flexors and the foot dorsiflexors are all ACTIVE.

Answer 21

Initial Contact or Heel Strike

Question 22

In this phase, the hip abductors and foot plantarflexors are Active.

Answer 22

Midstance or Push Off

Question 23

If there is a Gluteus Medium weakness, and a T-burg gait or lurching occurs as the pelvis on the non weight bearing side is drop it may indicates?

Answer 23

L5 nerve root lesion

Question 24

If there is weakness on the plantarflexors which may result in a short stel on the unaffected side this may due to?

Answer 24

S1-S2 Nerve Root Lesion

Question 25

Pain on the weight bearing ankle or foot may due to?

Answer 25

Osteoarthritis, Pes Planus and Plantar Fascitis

Question 26

In this phase, the hip flexors and knee extensors are ACTIVE.

Answer 26

Terminal Phase or Acceleration

Question 27

When the extensors allow the knee to buckle, it may related to weakness on hip flexors which cause the body to compensate by moving the trunk posteriorly to passively swing the leg and this is called?

Answer 27

Gluteus Maximum Gait

Question 28

In this phase the Hip ADDuctors are active.

Answer 28

PreSwing Phase or Toe off

Question 29

When there is weakness on the hip adductors it will allow the leg to?

Answer 29

Rotate laterally

Question 30

This occur when the person big toe too pushes off from the lateral aspect of the foot instead of the great toe?

Answer 30

Hallux Rigidus

Question 31

When the foot dorsiflexors are active, there’s 2 phase happening?

Answer 31

Initial Swing and Mid Swing

Question 32

When the foot drop and occur steppage gait this may due to?

Answer 32

L4 Nerve Root Lesion

Question 33

On this phase the knee flexors are active to slowly extend the knee.

Answer 33

Terminal Swing or Deceleration

Question 34

When the knee snap out excessively at the end of the swing this may indicate a?

Answer 34

S1-S2 nerve root lesion

Question 35

When a client is attempting to protect against further injury to the foot ankle knee hip and low back; the stance on the affected leg is shorter as the client attempt to quickly remove weight from affected leg.

Answer 35

Antalgic Gait

Question 36

This gait seen in poor sensation in the extremeties or loss of muscle coordination; which the client keeps the feet farther apart for balance amd may exaggetate all movements.

Answer 36

Ataxic Gait

Question 37

Occurs when swing on the affected leg into abduction and flexion, frequently affected arm is held in some degree of shoukder adduction, elbow and wrist flexion and pronated forearm

Answer 37

Circumducted or Hemiphlegia Gait

Question 38

This is characterized by short, shuffling steps; the client holds the knee, trunk, and neck in flexion and the arms move stiffly.

Answer 38

Parkinsonian or Festinating Gait