Role of the Lab

Question 1

What are the two functions of diagnosis of infections performed by the lab

Answer 1

clinical

epidemiology

Question 2

What is the clinical function of diagnosis of infection

Answer 2

for everyday management of infections

Question 3

What is the epidemiological function of diagnosis of infections

Answer 3

support for infection prevention and control in searching the spruce and route of transmission

Question 4

What are the minimal requirement of microbiology services

Answer 4

set up inside the facility
available everyday
able to examine blood, CSF, urine etc
identify common bacteria and fungi to species level
perform susceptibility testing
6. perform basic phenotyping

Question 5

What is the scheme for bacterial identification

Answer 5

specimen
direct examination
culture
identify species
species name established
typing or fingerprinting for taxonomic or epidemiological purposes

Question 6

What is the procedure for a gram stain

Answer 6

prepare film on glass slide
stain with crystal violet and rinse
treat with gram's iodine and rinse
briefly decolourise with acetone or ethanol
counter stain with pink dye and rinse
blot dry and view under immersion

Question 7

What are the results from a gram stain

Answer 7

gram positive = dark violet

gram negative = pink because peptidoglycan is so thin that it does not hold the stain

Question 8

What is the role of labs in prevention and control of HAIs

Answer 8

outbreak investigation
surveillance of HAIs
alert microorganisms reports
designing AB policy

Question 9

How are the labs used in outbreak investigation

Answer 9

to determine the causative agent

determines if two or more isolated strains are the same or different

Question 10

How are labs used for designing AB policy

Answer 10

regular reporting of changing resistance patterns

Question 11

What is the chain of infection

Answer 11

infectious agent
reservoir
portal of exit
mode of transmission 
portal of entry
susceptible host