Role of Government

Question 1

Define Anarchy

Answer 1

no government authority resulting in chaos and disorder. (State of Nature)

Question 2

Define State of Nature/Natural Law

Answer 2

system of justice derived from nature Survival of the fittest (State of Nature)2

Question 3

Define Social Contract

Answer 3

People agree to follow laws in exchange for protection and order

Question 4

Define Monarchy

Answer 4

form of government where leader in King or Queen, Two Types

Question 5

Define Absolute Monarchy

Answer 5

King or Queen has complete control.

Question 6

Define Constitutional Monarchy

Answer 6

Monarch is figurehead; real power lies with another part of government

Question 7

Define Democracy

Answer 7

form of government where public is source of authority, Two Types

Question 8

Define Direct democracy

Answer 8

every citizen votes on every issue

Question 9

Define Republic democracy

Answer 9

representative democracy

Question 10

Define dictatorship

Answer 10

form of government where one person, or small group, has total control. Two Types

Question 11

Define autocracy

Answer 11

Rules by one

Question 12

Define oligarchy

Answer 12

Ruled by small group

Question 13

Define theocracy

Answer 13

God is ultimate authority

Question 14

Define junta

Answer 14

A small group that rules a country after taking it over by force.

Question 15

Define Declaration of Independence

Answer 15

Letter written to England calling for US to be own country.(by Thomas Jefferson)

Question 16

What are the four components of a government? Explain each.

Answer 16

State- a region with a population who maintains a government to regulate affairs

Citizens- members of a state

Laws- set of rules made and enforced by a government for society

Sovereignty- idea that government has absolute authority over citizens

Question 17

What is a citizen?

Answer 17

Members of a state

Question 18

What is sovereignty?

Answer 18

Idea that government has absolute authority over citizens

Question 19

Where are the two strongest possibilities for the very 1st governments?

Answer 19

Mesopotamia and Egypt

Question 20

What is the difference between an absolute monarchy and a constitutional monarchy?

Answer 20

King or Queen has complete control in an absolute monarchy but in a constitutional monarchy the monarch is figurehead; real power lies with another part of government

Question 21

Identify & explain the benefits of democracy

Answer 21

Every citizen is equal, Equal opportunities, and Voting for government official.

Question 22

What do most experts feel is the reason humans started settling in permanent residences like Sumeria, or Egypt, creating a need for government? Explain.

Answer 22

People started settling so they could grow plants and had to care for it. Agriculture

Question 23

Why do we need government?

Answer 23

No government results in chaos and disorder.

Question 24

Identify the three forms of government found throughout the world? Be able to explain the subsets of each government.

Answer 24

Monarchies
Democracies/Republics
Dictatorship

Question 25

Compare and contrast the different forms of governments. Give examples of countries that use each.

Answer 25

North Korea has Autocracy (rules by one). America uses Representative Democracy (Citizens elect officials to represent their interests in government).

Question 26

How do most dictators gain, and maintain, their power? Explain why these strategies are used.

Answer 26

Most dictators gain and maintain their power through violence. These strategies are used because the leader of the dictatorship has all power and can kill anyone who gets in his way.

Question 27

Who was Thomas Hobbes and what influence did he have on the development of government?

Answer 27

Thomas Hobbes influenced and believed in The Theory of Social Contract People agree to follow laws in exchange for Protection and order.

Question 28

Who was John Locke and what influence did he have on the development of government?

Answer 28

John Locke influenced and believed in Power comes from people, not God, because it is people who agree to follow laws.

Question 29

Identify similarities and differences in Hobbes’ and Locke’s ideas on government and humanity.

Answer 29

Thomas Hobbes and John Locke both set the underlying ideals for US.

Question 30

What is “social contract” and how does it change the relationship between people and their governments?

Answer 30

An agreement between exchange of power for protection.

Question 31

What is the difference between a right and a privilege?

Answer 31

Right - Something that belongs to all humans. Privilege - something that is earned.

Question 32

Where can we find the first mention of American rights and what are they?

Answer 32

Declaration of Independence.

Question 33

What was the Declaration of Independence and what did it do?

Answer 33

Letter written to England calling for US to be own country.(by Thomas Jefferson). Lists Natural Rights - rights that belong to all human beings.

Question 34

Description of the 4 Functions of Government. Include examples of these functions being carried out.

Answer 34

Maintain Order(use of military, police, National Guard, laws, etc.), Provide Services(education, health care and services, waste managment, etc.) , Resolve Conflict(use of military, police, court system), Promote Values(public education, drugs, disease, health awarness, and patriotism)

Question 35

Discuss 2 possible outcomes if there were no governments

Answer 35

Anarchy - no government authority resulting in chaos and disorder. (State of Nature) Natural Law - system of justice derived from nature Survival of the fittest (State of Nature)

Question 36

Description of the 3 forms of government.

Answer 36

Monarchy - form of government where leader in King or Queen Democracy - form of government where public is source of authority Dictatorship - form of government where one person, or small group, has total control.

Question 37

Explanation of which form of gov’t you feel is best and why. - Include the type of government in your explanation.

Answer 37

I think that democracy is the best form of government because everyone should have a choice. I believe that everyone should be treated equally and the form of government that supports that the most is democracy.

Question 38

Example – Democracy – do you prefer direct or representative?

Answer 38

I prefer representative democracy over direct democracy because I feel like voting on every law would be very complicated and voting would be our whole lives.