Rocks Quizzes Flashcards
Three types of rocks
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
Igneous
How are sedimentary rocks formed
Layers of sediments lay down in water bodies
Over millions of years, the layers get buried under more layers
The layer weight squeezes out the water
Fluids (natural minerals) flowing through pores cement the layers
Give examples of sedimentary rocks
Limestone
Chalk
Explain erosion
The removal or transportation of broken up rocks
Sedimentary rocks are more susceptible to this
How are metamorphic rocks formed
By the action of heat and pressure on sedimentary rocks over periods of time
Have interlocking crystals
What physically changes in the sedimentary or igneous rock to make it metamorphic
Mineral structure
Texture
Not the chemical composition
How are igneous rocks formed
Magma/lava cools down and solidifies
They contain crystals that interlock
Define magma
Molten rocks deep in the earth
Define lava
Molten rock that erupts to the surface
What do the size of igneous rocks depend on
The rate at which they cool
The faster, the smaller (extrusive)
Example of an igneous rock, GO
Granite
Basalt
Rhyolite
Gabbro
Properties of marble
Limestone reformed as small crystals so
Harder and more texture
Uses of limestone
Building blocks Statues Road surfacing In cement, for concrete Glass= sand+ sodium carbonate + Neutralising acidic soil Neutralising chimney Sulfur dioxide
Advantages of limestone
Provides useful products
Houses
Roads
Neutralises, reduces acid rain
An income, jobs , improves local economy
Disadvantages of limestone
Quarrying is Noisy Ugly Dusty Destroys habitat Requires pollutive transportation Waste materials produce tip
