Fuels quizzes Flashcards
Define crude oil
A mixture of different sized hydrocarbon molecules
Why can you separate the crude oil into individual molecules?
its a mixture
How is crude oil separated
fractional distillation
The shorter the molecules, the … … the hydrocarbon is
more flammable and less viscous
The most viscous the hydrocarbon, the … … it is ‘tapped off’
lower down
what is produced in complete combustion of a hydrocarbon
CO2, water +energy
What is required for complete combustion and how can it be obtained
excess oxygen
gas heater works properly and room is well ventilated
what is produced in incomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon
CO2, water +energy + CARBON MONOXIDE
What needs to be considered when choosing the best fuel
Ease of ignition
Energy value
Ash and smoke (waste)
Storage and transport
Crude oil distillation order, GO
Give Pete No Killing Deeds For Ben Gases Petrol Naptha Kerosene Diesel Fuel oil Bitumen
Sulfur dioxide disadvantages
Acid rain, sulfur dioxide+clouds= dilute sulfuric acid (acid rain)
Kills animals + plants
Damages limestone buildings
Prevention methods of sulfur dioxide
reduction of fossil fuel use
removed from fuels before burnt
limestone
catalytic converters
Waste sources
Sulfur, Petrol + diesel
Carbon monoxide, incomplete combustion
Carbon dioxide, fossil fuels
Carbon dioxide decreasing methods, GO
Iron Seeding, iron injected into upper ocean
Phytoplankton bloom and absorb CO2
Some are toxic though
Converting carbon dioxide int hydrocarbons, high pressure/ temp/ metal catalyst
Define biofuels
fuels made from living organisms
Biofuel examples
Biogas, decomposed living organism waste
Ethanol, fermented sugars (using yeast)
Biofuel advantages
renewable
Clean fuels
Cheap
Biofuel disadvantages
takes up crop space
lots of energy required for ethanol
Define fuel cells
Electrical cells that are supplied with fuel and oxygen
fuel+o2> energy> electricity+ water
fuel cells advantages
quicker process, fewer places for energy to be lost as heat or friction
Clean products
fuel cells disadvantages
Take up more space to store
Explosive
uses electricity
Define Cracking
breaking large molecules into smaller, more in demand ones using heat
