Rocks + Minerals (Chapter 9)

Question 1

Lithosphere

Answer 1

The outer layer of the Earth including the crust.

Question 2

Minerals

Answer 2

A solid, non organic substance.

Question 3

Magma

Answer 3

Hot fluid below the earth’s crust where lava is formed.

Question 4

Sediments

Answer 4

Matter that sits at the bottom of a liquid.

Question 5

Native Elements

Answer 5

Elements that are natural

Question 6

Crystal

Answer 6

A solid substance made from molecules

Question 7

Lustre

Answer 7

A mineral that reflects light

Question 8

Igneous rocks

Answer 8

Rocks that are formed from cool lava and magma

Question 9

Extrusive rocks

Answer 9

Igneous rocks that are cooled when above the Earth’s crust

Question 10

Viscosity

Answer 10

.

Question 11

Streak

Answer 11

The colour of a mineral

Question 12

Hardness

Answer 12

Solid and it’s not easily broken

Question 13

Lustre

Answer 13

The way a mineral reflects in the light

Question 14

Pumice

Answer 14

A light and prous volcanic rock when lava cools quickly.

Question 15

Scoria

Answer 15

An igneous rock that is formed when lava cools quickly.

Question 16

Abrasive

Answer 16

A substance that will scratch another substance quite easily.

Question 17

Obsidian

Answer 17

A hard, dark rock that is formed when lava cools quickly, it’s glasslike.

Question 18

Intrusive rocks

Answer 18

Igneous rocks that are created when magma cools in the mantle

Question 19

Batholiths

Answer 19

An intrusive rock that is greater than 100kms wide

Question 20

Granite

Answer 20

An igneous rock that has different coloured rocks inside of it.

Question 21

Basalt

Answer 21

A dark, fine-grained rock with crystals which is formed when lava cools.

Question 22

Sedimentary rocks

Answer 22

Rocks that are formed from sediments

Question 23

Erosion

Answer 23

Destruction caused by weathering

Question 24

Floodplains

Answer 24

Land near rivers that contain sediments

Question 25

Glaciers

Answer 25

Blocks of ice

Question 26

Moraines

Answer 26

Deposits from moving glaciers

Question 27

Sandstone

Answer 27

Sedimentary rocks with sand-grains

Question 28

Mudstone

Answer 28

Sedimentary rock that is fine-grained

Question 29

Shale

Answer 29

A sedimentary rock that is fine-grained and formed from clay.

Question 30

Conglomerate

Answer 30

A sedimentary rock that contains huge particles of different sizes stuck together

Question 31

Limestone

Answer 31

A sedimentary rock created from dead sea substances

Question 32

Coal

Answer 32

A sedimentary rock formed from dead or decaying animals

Question 33

Rocksalt

Answer 33

A deposit when a lake with salt in it dries up

Question 34

Metamorphism

Answer 34

Rocks that are able to change through heat and pressure

Question 35

Metamorphic rocks

Answer 35

Rock that is able to form from another rock that has been heated underground

Question 36

Slate

Answer 36

A metamorphic rock created from heat and pressure on shale

Question 37

Marble

Answer 37

Metamorphic rock created from pressure on limestone

Question 38

Gneiss

Answer 38

A metamorphic rock created from pressure on granite

Question 39

Mineral ores

Answer 39

Rocks that were mined to obtain metal

Question 40

Mining

Answer 40

Obtaining natural resources from the Earth's crust

Question 41

Sedimentary rocks

Answer 41

Rocks that are formed from sediments

Question 42

Erosion

Answer 42

Destruction caused by weathering

Question 43

Floodplains

Answer 43

Land near rivers that contain sediments

Question 44

Glaciers

Answer 44

Blocks of ice

Question 45

Moraines

Answer 45

Deposits from moving glaciers

Question 46

Sandstone

Answer 46

Sedimentary rocks with sand-grains

Question 47

Mudstone

Answer 47

Sedimentary rock that is fine-grained

Question 48

Shale

Answer 48

A sedimentary rock that is fine-grained and formed from clay.

Question 49

Conglomerate

Answer 49

A sedimentary rock that contains huge particles of different sizes stuck together

Question 50

Limestone

Answer 50

A sedimentary rock created from dead sea substances

Question 51

Coal

Answer 51

A sedimentary rock formed from dead or decaying animals

Question 52

Rocksalt

Answer 52

A deposit when a lake with salt in it dries up

Question 53

Metamorphism

Answer 53

Rocks that are able to change through heat and pressure

Question 54

Metamorphic rocks

Answer 54

Rock that is able to form from another rock that has been heated underground

Question 55

Slate

Answer 55

A metamorphic rock created from heat and pressure on shale

Question 56

Marble

Answer 56

Metamorphic rock created from pressure on limestone

Question 57

Gneiss

Answer 57

A metamorphic rock created from pressure on granite

Question 58

Mineral ores

Answer 58

Rocks that were mined to obtain metal

Question 59

Mining

Answer 59

Obtaining natural resources from the Earth's crust

Question 60

Stone age

Answer 60

2 million years ago when humans started using stone.

Question 61

Alloy

Answer 61

Mixture of a metal and non-metal

Question 62

Flint

Answer 62

A sedimentary rock which leaves sharp edges when broken

Question 63

Percussion flaking

Answer 63

process in which tool stones such as flint or obsidian were struck with harder stones

Question 64

Fossil

Answer 64

a trace of an animal or plant from a former age

Question 65

Palaeontologist

Answer 65

a scientist who studies for fossils

Question 66

Folding

Answer 66

the buckling of rocks

Question 67

Relative age

Answer 67

comparing the ages of two different rocks

Question 68

Carnivore

Answer 68

animal that eats another animal

Question 69

Scavengers

Answer 69

animals that eat dead plants

Question 70

Mould

Answer 70

cavity in a rock that shows the hard parts of an organism

Question 71

Trace fossils

Answer 71

fossils that provide evidence

Question 72

Extinct

Answer 72

animals that were once living but are now not