Rocks and the rock cycle

Question 1

Rocks

Answer 1

aggregate of mineral grains, fragments of previously existing rock, or a mass of natural glass

Question 2

igneous rocks

Answer 2

form through cooling and solidification of molten rock

Question 3

sedimentary rocks

Answer 3

orm at or near the surface of the earth in two basic ways: (1) grains of pre- existing rock accumulate, get buried, and cement together and (2) minerals precipitate out of water near the earth’s surface

Question 4

metamorphic rocks

Answer 4

pre- existing rocks are subjected to heat and/or pressure that causes physical and/or chemical changes

Question 5

Extrusive Igneous Rocks

Answer 5

form from solidified lava or ash above the earth’s surface

Question 6

Magma

Answer 6

molten material in the mantle and crust of the earth

Question 7

Lava

Answer 7

magma that rises through the crust and erupts on the surface of the earth

Question 8

Volcanic ash

Answer 8

tiny particles of rock/mineral/glass that erupt from cracks or vents in the earth

Question 9

intrusive Igneous Rocks

Answer 9

form from
magma that solidified underground

Question 10

Host rock

Answer 10

rock into which magma intrudes

Question 11

Pluton

Answer 11

massive blob of magma

Question 12

Batholith

Answer 12

composed of several small plutons

Question 13

Dike

Answer 13

thin sheet of magma that cuts across layers of host rock

Question 14

Sill

Answer 14

thin sheet of magma that form parallel to layers of host rock

Question 15

Clastic Sedimentary Rocks (5)

Answer 15

weathering , erosion, transportation, deposition, lithification.

Question 16

chemical Sedimentary Rocks

Answer 16

minerals precipitate directly from a water solution that has become oversaturated

Question 17

Metamorphic Rocks

Answer 17

a rock undergoes a change when exposed to increased heat and pressure (metamorphism)

Question 18

protolith

Answer 18

parent rock

Question 19

solid state phenomenon

Answer 19

remains in a solid state without breaking apart or melting.