Rocks and Minerals Flashcards
How are rocks classified?
Through the different ways they form
What are the 3 types of rock?
Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic
What is an Igneous rock?
Rocks that form from the cooling of magma or lava
What are the two types of Igneous rock?
Extrusive and Intrusive.
What is an Extrusive Igneous rock?
A rock formed from the fast cooling of lava. Small to no crystals.
What is an Intrusive Igneous rock?
A rock formed from the slow cooling of magma. Large crystals.
What is a sedimentary rock?
A sedimentary rock is a rock that forms from the compaction and cementation of deposited sediments.
What is a metamorphic rock?
A metamorphic rock is a rock formed from other rocks that have undergone intense heat and pressure.
What are the 2 types of metamorphism?
Regional and Contact. Regional = more pressure. Contact = more heat.
What is the differences between erosion and weathering?
Erosion = the movement of rock. Weathering = the breaking down of rock.
How can we classify rocks?
Colour, texture, crystal size, and if it shows banding.
What are the 2 colour classifications for rocks?
Mafic and Felsic (Mafic = darker in colour, rich in Fe and Mg) [Felsic = lighter in colour, rich in Si and Al]
Define the term “Foliated”
Rocks that show banding of minerals are foliated rocks. (Regional metamorphosis)
Define the term “Non-Foliated”
Rocks that don’t show banding of minerals are non-foliated rocks. (Contact metamorphosis)
