Rocks And Minerals Flashcards
How are igneous rocks formed? (Pg 6 esrt)
Solidification of magma
Properties of minerals (pg 16 esrt)
Composition: elements it’s composed of
Use(s): what it’s used as
Distinguishing characteristics: traits of the mineral that tells it apart from the others
Fracture: does not break into flat, even layers
Cleavage: when it can break into flat layers
Luster: shine/ glittery like
Hardness: how hard the element is
How are metamorphic rocks formed? (Pg 6 esrt)
Heat or pressure
Can cause banding
How are sedimentary rocks formed? (Pg 6 esrt)
Deposition/burial —> compaction/cementation
Felsic
Rich in Si, Al
Lighter color
Mafic
Rich I’m Fe, Mg
Darker color
Extrusive rock (volcanic)
Made outside of a volcano
Glassy , fine texture (can be vesicular)
Intrusive (plutonic)
Made inside of a volcano
Touch texture, non vesicular
Banding
Caused by heat a pressure; you can see the waves of color and layers compressed
Mineral alignment
Minerals are aligned
Regional
Pressure
Contact
Heat
Foliated
No mineral alignment or banding
Glacial striations
scratches or grooves caused by rocks underneath moving glaciers
Glacial erratics
When the size and type of rock is different from where it tests