rocks and minerals

Question 1

mineral

Answer 1

a naturally formed, inorganic solid that has a definite crystal-line structure

Question 2

rock

Answer 2

a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter

Question 3

element

Answer 3

a substance that can not be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means

Question 4

compound

Answer 4

a substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds

Question 5

crystal

Answer 5

a solid whose atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite pattern

Question 6

color

Answer 6

usually 1st characteristics noticed about a mineral, but generally not reliable

Question 7

luster

Answer 7

the way in which a mineral reflects light

Question 8

streak

Answer 8

the color of the powder of a mineral

Question 9

cleavage

Answer 9

the splitting of a mineral along smooth, flat surfaces

Question 10

fracture

Answer 10

the manner in which a mineral breaks along either curved or irregular surfaces

Question 11

density

Answer 11

the ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance

Question 12

ore

Answer 12

a natural material whose concentration of economically valuable mineral is high enough for the material to be mined profitably

Question 13

metallic minerals

Answer 13

Metallic minerals are minerals which contain one or more metallic elements. Metallic minerals must be broken apart and chemically processed to extract the useful metal from the mineral. Ontario is a leading producer of metals such as platinum group metals, nickel, cobalt, gold, copper, silver and zinc.

Question 14

none-metallic minerals

Answer 14

Nonmetallic minerals are a special group of chemical elements from which no new product can be generated if they are melted. Nonmetallic minerals are, for example, sand, gravel, limestone, clay, and marble.

Question 15

gemstones

Answer 15

a precious or semiprecious stone, especially one cut, polished, and used in a piece of jewelry.

Question 16

igneous rock

Answer 16

Igneous rock (derived from the Latin word ignis meaning fire), or magmatic rock, is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic. Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.

Question 17

sedimentary rock

Answer 17

Sedimentary rocks are types of rock that are formed by the accumulation or deposition of mineral or organic particles at Earth’s surface, followed by cementation. Sedimentation is the collective name for processes that cause these particles to settle in place.

Question 18

metamorphic rock

Answer 18

Metamorphic rocks arise from the transformation of existing rock to new types of rock, in a process called metamorphism. … They may be formed simply by being deeply buried beneath the Earth’s surface, where they are subject to high temperatures and the great pressure of the rock layers above.