Rocks Flashcards
What are the 3 different types of rocks?
Sedimentary, Igneous and Metamorphic
Sedimentary rocks are made of ___ ___ which makes them _____
sperate grains, porous
weathering breaks rocks into ___
sediments
True or False
Sedimentary rocks are soft and can be scratched easily
True
example of sedimentary rocks
sandstone and limestone
What is physical weathering?
when large pieces or rock are broken into smaller pieces by water in the cracks freezing (happens because of temperature changes)
What is chemical weathering?
when acids in the rain react with substances in the rock. (happens when it rains on a rock)
What is biological weathering?
when plants and animal break up rocks
What is the meaning of the general term weathering?
breaking up rocks into smaller pieces
what is erosion?
breaking up of rock into smaller pieces away from the original rock
what is transport?
moving of sediments far away from the original rock
what is deposition?
settling of sediments that have moved away from their original rock
what is compaction?
squashing the sediments together to make new rocks
what is cementation?
when another substance sticks the sediments together
can both compaction and cementation can happen in the same rock?
nope :)
when are igneous rocks formed?
when liquid rock cools down (this can happen within the Earth’s crust or outside, including underwater)
Name a few properties of igneous rocks
hard, durable (difficult to damage), not porous, consist of crystals
example of metamorphic rock
marble and slate
what are 2 properties of metamorphic rocks
they have crystals and are not porous
when are metamorphic rocks formed?
when other types of rocks are under high pressure and/or temperatures but do not melt
