Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

year 8 science > rocks > Flashcards

rocks Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

any of the inorganic elements that are essential to the functioning of the human body and are obtained from foods.

A

minerals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the outermost layer of the Earth.

A

lithosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

a very hot mixture of molten rock and gases, just below the Earth’s surface.

A

magma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

material broken down by weathering and erosion that is moved by wind or water.

A

sediments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

elements found uncombined in the Earth’s crust

A

native elements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

substance made up of atoms and molecules

A

crystals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

appearance of a mineral caused by the way it reflects light.

A

lustre

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

colour of a mineral as a fine powder, found by rubbing it onto an unglazed white ceramic tile

A

streak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

a measure of how difficult it is to scratch the surface of a solid material.

A

hardness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

the gradual destruction or diminution of something

A

erosion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

denoting rocks composed of broken pieces of older rocks.

A

clastic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

a distinct compound or substance

A

chemical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

relating to or derived from living matter.

A

organic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

the remains or impression of a prehistoric plant or animal embedded in rock and preserved in petrified form.

A

fossils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the process that changes rocks by extreme pressure or heat (or both)

A

metamorphism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

rock formed from another rock that has been under great heat or pressure (or both)

A

metamorphic rocks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

a fine-grained metamorphic rock formed as a result of moderate heat and pressure on shale

A

slate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

a metamorphic rock formed as a result of great pressure on limestone

A

marble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

a coarse-grained metamorphic rock formed mainly as a result of great pressure on granite

A

gneiss

20
Q

a metamorphic rock formed as a result of great pressure on limestone

A

marble

21
Q

any remains, impression, or trace of an animal or plant of a former geological age; evidence of life in the past

A

fossil

22
Q

a scientist who studies fossils

A

palaeontologists

23
Q

the age of a rock compared with the age of another rock

A

relative age

24
Q

cavity in a rock that shows the shape of the hard parts of an organism; types of fungi found growing on the surface of foods

A

mould

25
Q

fossils that provide evidence, such as footprints, that an organism was present when the rock was formed

A

trace fossils

26
Q

describes volcanoes that are no longer active. Extinct volcanoes have not erupted for thousands of years and show no sign of future eruption.

A

extinct

27
Q

rocks mined to obtain a metal or other chemical within them

A

mineral ores

28
Q

extraction of natural resources from the Earth

A

mining

29
Q

study of the possible effects of a planned project on the environment

A

environmental impact statement (EIS)

30
Q

estored to its previous condition

A

rehabilitated

31
Q

waste rock removed from below the topsoil. This rock is replaced when the area is restored.

A

overburden

32
Q

waste rock removed from below the topsoil. This rock is replaced when the area is restored.

A

overburden

33
Q

mining that uses shafts and tunnels to remove rock from deep below the surface

A

underground mining

34
Q

rocks formed from sediments deposited by water, wind or ice. The sediments are cemented together in layers, under pressure.

A

sedimentary rocks

35
Q

flat, open land beside a river where sediments are deposited during floods

A

floodplains

36
Q

large bodies of ice that move down slopes and push boulders, rocks and gravel in front of them

A

glaciers

37
Q

deposit left by movement of a glacier

A

moraines

38
Q

a sedimentary rock with medium-sized grains. The sand grains are cemented together by silica, lime or other salts.

A

sandstone

39
Q

a fine-grained, sedimentary rock without layering

A

mudstone

40
Q

a fine-grained sedimentary rock formed in layers by the consolidation of clay

A

shale

41
Q

a sedimentary rock with a particle size between that of sandstone and mudstone

A

siltstone

42
Q

sedimentary rock containing large particles of various sizes cemented together

A

conglomerate

43
Q

a sedimentary rock formed from the remains of sea organisms. It consists mainly of calcium carbonate.

A

limestone

44
Q

a sedimentary rock formed from dead plants and animals that were buried before rotting completely

A

coal

45
Q

a sedimentary deposit formed when a salt lake or seabed dried up. Its main chemical is sodium chloride.

A

rock salt

year 8 science (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions