Rocks Flashcards
What are the four layers of the earth?
Crust
Mantle
Outer core
Inner core
What is magma
Molten rock (a little bit melted) rock that is underground.
Which layers of the earth can only be studied by indirect means?
The outer & inner core
What Is the composition of the outermost layer of the earth?
The crust is made of aluminum, calcium, iron, magnesium, oxygen, silicon.
What is the composition of the innermost layer?
The core is made of iron and nickel.
What happens to the temperature of the rocks as the layers go deeper into the earth?
The rocks get hotter.
In which layer does erosion take place?
The crust, because that is where the wind and the rain are.
In what areas is the outermost layer of the earth the thinnest?
The oceanic.
Where is it the thickest?
The Continental.
Which layer has the greatest mass?
The Continental.
The continual process by which new rock forms from old rock material is
The rock cycle.
The process by which wind, water, ice or gravity transports soil and sediment from one location to another is?
Erosion.
The process in which material is laid down is called?
Deposition.
The minerals a rock contains determines the ——– of that rock?
Composition.
The size Shape and positions of the grains that make up the rock determine a rocks ————-.
Texture.
———–rock forms when hot liquid rock, or magma cools & solidifies.
Igneous rock
When magma INTRUDES, or pushes into surrounding rock, below the earth’s surface, and cools, the rock that forms is called?
Intrusive igneous rock
Igneous rock that forms from magma that ERUPTS, or EXTRU
DES, onto the earth’s surface is called?
Extrusive igneous rock
The most noticeable feature of sedimentary rock is its layers or?
Strata
——– is the process in which sedimentary rocks are arranged in layers.
Stratification
——- is the process in which objects are changed by weather affecting the color, texture, composition, or form of that object.
Weathering
Being pushed or pressed together tightly is called?
Compaction.
Being glued or stuck together?
Cementation
Being solidified into another solid
Solidification
Solid, naturally occurring, mixture of minerals?
Rock
The thin, solid outer layer of the earth?
Crust
Rocky layer between the crust and the core of the earth?
Mantle
The central part of the earth below the middle
Core
Rock formed by or from deposits of sediment by compactation and cementation
Sedimentary rocks
Rock altered by pressure and heat
Metamorphic rocks
What is magna
It is hot rock
