History 7 Flashcards
What is the Chang Jiang?
Also known as the Yangteze River, brought rich soil for farming.
What is the Huang He?
Also known as the yellow River, brought rich soil to the long Huang He Valley
Who were the Shang?
- They may have been the first to build Shang cities.
- The upper class was made up of war lords and royal officials.
- The Shang kings chose war lords.
- most people were farmers.
Spirits & ancestors
- They worshipped gods and spirits
* they honored their ancestors
Telling the future
- religion and government were closely linked.
* kings tried to tell the future by oracle bones.
The Chinese language
- Chinese languages used pictographs
* tideographs, symbols for,whole words instead of alphabet
Shang artists
- produced dishes, vases, silk & statues
* best known for bronze work
What is a dynasty?
A line of rulers from the same family
What is an aristocrat?
A noble or a member of the ruling class.
What is a pictograph?
Characters that stand for objects.
What is an ideograph?
Characters that join 2 or more pictographs to form an idea.
What is Anyang?
The first capital, where the kings ruled.
What is the definition of recover?
To get back or restore.
What is the definition of interpret?
A translation.
What was the role of the Shang warlords?
They governed the kingdom’s territories.
What tools did they make?
Iron plows and irrigation.
What was the Mandate of Heaven?
The formal order that gave the Zhou kings power to rule.
How did they fall?
The local rulers made their own states and fought.
What is a bureaucracy?
A government with lots of departments.
What is a mandate?
It is a formal order.
What is Dao?
The proper way to keep the gods happy.
Who was Wu Wang?
The aristocrat who rebelled against the Shang and started the Zhou.
What is the definition of link?
A connection.
What is an item?
A part.
What was the chief duty of Chinese kings?
To carry out all the religious tasks.
What factors influenced the rise of china’s first civilization?
The factors are the rivers, mountains and deserts.
Why were China’s early rulers so powerful?
They controlled the land, had big armies, THE MANDATE OF HEAVEN.
What is the definition of social class?
A group of people who share a similar position in society.
What is the definition of filial piety?
Practice of showing respect to parents & elders.
What is the definition of rely?
To depend on.
What is the definition of convince?
To persuade.
Why did the amount of land owned by each aristocrat decrease over time?
The aristocrats divided them to give to their sons.
What is the definition of legalism?
People are evil, they need strict laws and punishments to do their duty.
What is the definition of theory?
A set of ideas to explain something.
What is the definition of promote?
To advance.
What is the definition of Daoism?
Chinese philosophy that tells you to go to nature, give up worldly desires, and follow the Dao.
What is Confucianism?
Chinese philosophy that tells you to do your duty and be nice.
Why did Hanfeizi believe that people needed laws and punishments?
Because people are naturally evil.
How was Chinese society organized?
Top: aristocrats
Middle: farmers
Bottom: merchants
What were the three main Chinese philosophies of the time?
Daoism, legalism, confucism
Name the three main Social classes of early China
The aristocrats the farmers and merchants
Why were the merchants not allowed to have government jobs?
The Chinese kings thought they were too greedy
What were the two primary responsibilities of women in Chinese society
Raise the children and manage the household
Name the three major theories developed by early Chinese thinkers and about how to create a peaceful society?
Confucianism, Daoism, legalism
What did Confucius believe would bring peace to Chinese society?
That everyone should be nice and do their duty
What particular teaching of Confucius caused him to be resisted by the aristocrats
That if people had talent they could be in the government
What Chinese philosophy was based on the teachings of Laozi?
Daoism
Describe the primary differences between Confucianism and Daoism?
Daoism= give up all desires follow nature Confucianism= be nice and do your duty
What did the scholar Hanfeizi believe about human nature that was different from both Confucius and Laozi?
He believed that humans were naturally evil
Why did aristocrats like the philosophy of legalism
They didn’t have to be nice and it gave them force and power
Describe the Chinese estate
A Chinese estate is big with courtyards and tiled roofs
