Rocks

Question 1

How is metamorphic rock made ? ( two answers )

Answer 1

1. By adding heat and pressure to igneous rock
2. By adding heat and pressure to sedimentary rock

Question 2

How is magma made? ( two answers )

Answer 2

1. The melting of metamorphic rock
2. The melting of igneous rock

Question 3

How is igneous rock made? ( one answer )

Answer 3

The cooling of magma

Question 4

How is sediment made? ( three answers )

Answer 4

1. Weathering and erosion of igneus rock
2. Weathering and erosion of sedimentary rock
3. Weathering and erosion of metamorphic rock

Question 5

How is sedimentary rock made ? ( one answer )

Answer 5

Compaction and cementation of sediment

Question 6

What is weathering?

Answer 6

Weathering physically
changes solid rock into
smaller parts (sediments)
The sediments stay
where they are.

Question 7

What is erosion?

Answer 7

Erosion breaks down rocks and moves sediments away from
their original places.
• It is caused by moving forces

Question 8

What is mechanical weathering?

Answer 8

The physical breaking
down of rocks into
smaller pieces

Question 9

What is chemical weathering?

Answer 9

Rocks contain minerals
• Rain contains chemicals
• When the rain falls on the rock, the chemicals react with
the minerals, dissolving the rocks

Question 10

What is carbonation

Answer 10

Carbonation is the process of rock being
dissolved by a weak carbonic acid:
1. As rain passes through the atmosphere - combines with carbon dioxide to
produce a weak carbonic acid.
2. When acid rain falls on limestone, it dissolves the weaker parts of the
limestone surface. These weaker parts deepen - grikes. The slabs - clints.
The pattern of clints and grikes makes up limestone pavement.
3. Eventually a river will erode down through the limestone. This creates a
swallow hole.
4. Limestone is permeable. This means that water can move through the
joints and bedding planes in the rock. When this happens, drops of water
containing dissolved limestone or calcite reach the ceilings of caves.