Rock Types n Cycles

Question 1

What is an example of an igneous rock?

Answer 1

granite , basalt and obsidian

Question 2

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

Answer 2

it is formed by the compression of sediment

it is formed when sediment gets cemeted together under pressure

Question 3

Which rock type is most likely to contain fossils?

Answer 3

sedimentary eg.limestone n shale

Question 4

Name the three main types of rocks and give an example of each ?

Answer 4

Igneous eg.granite , metamorphic eg.quartize and sedimentary eg.limestone

Question 5

Briefly describe how igneous rocks are formed.

Answer 5

Igneous rocks are formed when magma /lava cools and hardens

Question 6

What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks?

Answer 6

Instrusive igneous rocks are formed below the earth’s surface eg.granite whereas extrusive igneous rocks are formed below the Earth’s surface by heat and pressure eg.tuff.

Question 7

Explain how limestone can change into marble.

Answer 7

Through heat and pressure, limestone undergoes metamorphism, changing its structure and forming marble, a denser and more crystalline rock.

Question 8

Describe the rock cycle, including the processes that lead to the formation of each rock type. Use a diagram to support your answer.

Answer 8

The rock cycle is a continuous process where rocks change from one type to another:

Igneous rocks form from cooling lava/magma

Weathering and erosion break down rocks into sediments → Sedimentary rocks

Heat and pressure can turn any rock into a metamorphic rock

All types of rocks can melt into magma, continuing the cycle

Question 9

Explain how weathering, erosion, and deposition contribute to the formation of sedimentary rocks.

Answer 9

Weathering breaks rocks into smaller pieces.

Erosion moves these sediments by wind, water, or ice.

Deposition occurs when sediments settle and accumulate.

Over time, compaction and cementation turn sediments into sedimentary rocks.

Question 10

Discuss the economic importance of any two types of rocks in the Caribbean.

Answer 10

Limestone (sedimentary) – used in cement, construction, and agriculture

Bauxite (sedimentary) – important for aluminum production, especially in Jamaica

Granite (igneous) – used in construction and monuments

Marble (metamorphic) – used in sculptures and buildings