rock and mineral Flashcards
naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter
Rock
naturally formed inorganic solid that has a definite chemical structure
Mineral
a substance that can’t be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means
Element
a substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds
Compound
a solid whose atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite pattern
Crystal
property possessed by an object of producing different sensations on the eye as a result of the way the object reflects or emits light
Color
the way in which a material reflects in light
Luster
the color of the powder in a mineral
Streak
the splitting of a mineral along smooth, flat surfaces
Cleavage
manner in which a mineral breaks along either curved or irregular surfaces
Fracture
the ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance
Density
natural mineral whose concentration of economically valuable minerals is high enough for the material to be mined profitably
Ore
minerals with a high specific gravity and metallic luster
Metallic Minerals
lack the properties of the metallic minerals such as a bright metallic luster, hardness, density
Non-Metallic Minerals
a precious or semiprecious stone, especially one cut, polished, and put in jewelry
Gemstones
rock formed by solidification of a molten magma
Igneous Rock
formed through the deposition and solidification of sediment, especially sediment transported by water, has layers and often fossils
Sedimentary Rock
which has been changed by extreme heat and pressure
Metamorphic Rock
