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Science > Rock And Fossol Records > Flashcards

Rock And Fossol Records Flashcards

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0
Q

What are changes the result of

A

Geologic processes

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1
Q

What did James Hutton in 1795 write

A

The theory of the earth

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2
Q

Do the geologic processes remain uniform or do they change over time

A

They remain uniform

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3
Q

What is the theory of uniformitarianism.?

A

A principle that states that the same geologic processes shaping the earth today have been at work throughout the Earth’s history

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4
Q

What is catastrophism

A

The principle that states that all geologic change occurs suddenly

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5
Q

Scientist were eventually one over and supported_________.

A

Uniformitarianism

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6
Q

What is a compromise between the two

A

Theory of actualism

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7
Q

Most geological change is _______ and ________.

A

Uniform and gradual

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8
Q

________ Happen and can cause major changes in brief amounts of time

A

Catastrophes

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9
Q

What is relative dating

A

Determining whether an object is older or younger than the other objects

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10
Q

Definition

States that older rocks form on the bottom and newer rocks on the top of the older layers

A

Superposition

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11
Q

Definition
An ideal sequence of rock layers that contained on and fossils and rock formations on earth arrange from oldest to youngest

A

The geologic column

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12
Q

What is the geologic column created from

A

Many different observations and information gathered over time, combined to one resource

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13
Q

What is the geologic column used for

A

Interpret different rock sequences

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14
Q

A break in the earths crust where the pieces of crust slide along one another

A

Fault

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15
Q

When rock layers are slanted without folding

A

Tilt

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16
Q

A surface that represents a missing part of the geologic column

A

Unconformities

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17
Q

What do unconformities represent

A

Time that wasnt recorded

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18
Q

What could unconformities be from

A

Not forming or from a layer being eroded away

19
Q

What is absolute dating

A

A process of establishing the age of an object by determining the number of years it has existed. Finds and absolute age.

20
Q

Atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons.

A

Isotopes

21
Q

Most isotopes are________.

A

Stable

22
Q

Radioactive isotopes change and______________________.

A

Break down into stable isotopes

23
Q

How can isotopes help determine an objects age.??

A

Measuring the amount of radioactive isotopes vs stable isotopes

24
Q

What is radiometric dating

A

Determining the absolute age of a material by comparing stable and radioactive isotopes.

25
Q

What is a half life.???

A

The time it take for half of a radioactive sample to decay or become stable.

26
Q

What is a fossil

A

Any naturally preserved evidence of life

27
Q

Minerals fill in pore spaces of an organisms tissue

A

Permineralization

28
Q

When an organisms tissues are completely replaced by minerals

A

Petrification

29
Q

Organisms preserved by being covered by tree sap which hardens and forms amber

A

Fossils in amber

30
Q

Organisms dry out in very dry climates and cannot decompose

A

Mummification

31
Q

What is a trace fossil

A

A naturally preserved evidence of animal activity

32
Q

Preserved animal dung or feces

A

Coprolites

33
Q

A type of fossil formed on the ground from the organism being pressed into the ground

A

Mold

34
Q

A fossil formed when the organism has decayed and sediment fills in the mold fossil

A

Cast

35
Q

A nonrenewable resource formed from the remains of plants and animals that lived long ago

A

Fossil fuels

36
Q

Most common solid fossil fuel

A

Coal

37
Q

Thick liquid mixture of hydrocarbons

A

Petroleum

38
Q

Gaseous mixture of hydrocarbons

A

Natural gas

39
Q

The only rocks we have from this eon are from meteorites on the moon

A

Hadean eon

40
Q

Earliest known rocks on earth formed during this eon

A

Archean eon

41
Q

The first organisms with well developed cells appear

A

Proterozoic eon

42
Q

People animals are first found in this eon.!!

A

Phanerozoic eon

43
Q

Aquatic animals , amphibians, insects. Ended with a mass extinction . 90% species died.

A

Paleozoic era

44
Q

Age of the reptiles, dinosaurs, some birds, and small mammals by the end of the era. 50% species died . Triassic, jurassic, cretaceous

A

Mesozoic era

45
Q

Age of the mammals. We live in this era. Many mammals from early in the era are now extinct.

A

Cenozoic era

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