Rock Flashcards
Lithosphere
A scientific word that is the crust
Magma
Hot substance of molten rock and gases
Sediments
Materials Brocken down by erosion from wind
Lustres
An appearance of a mineral cause by light and make it look glassy, metallic and bright
Streak
Colour of a mineral found by rubbing it onto an unglazed white ceramic tile
Hardness
How difficult it is to scratch the surface of a solid material
Minerals
Are nutrients that functions in your body from food
Igneous Rocks
Rock that is formed through the cooling of the magma and lava
Extrusive rocks
Refers to magma flowing through the crust but does not make it out
Pumice
A pale rock that forms from frothy lava that cools in the air
Scoria
A dark, igneous rock formed by gassy lava that cools down in the air
Abrasive
a property of a material or substance that easily scratches another
Basalt
A dark, igneous rock with small crystals formed by fast cooling of hot lava. It sometimes has holes that once contained volcanic gases.
Obsidian
A black, glassy rock that breaks into pieces with smooth shell-like surfaces
Intrusive rock
igneous rock that forms when magma cools below the Earth’s surface
Batholiths
Intrusive rock mass that measures more than 100 kilometres across
Granite
A hard, igneous rock with different-coloured crystals large enough to see. It forms slowly below the Earth’s surface.
Erosion
eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents.
Floodplain
flat, open land beside a river where sediments are deposited during floods
Glaciers
large bodies of ice that move down slopes and push boulders, rocks and gravel in front of them
Moraine
deposit left by movement of a glacier
Sandstone
sedimentary rock with medium-sized grains.
Mudstone
fine-grained, sedimentary rock without layering
Shale
fine-grained sedimentary rock formed in layers by the consolidation of clay
Siltstone
sedimentary rock with a particle size between that of sandstone and mudstone
Conglomerate
sedimentary rock containing large particles of various sizes cemented together
Limestone
sedimentary rock formed from the remains of sea organisms. It consists mainly of calcium carbonate.