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(3) Emerging PT Practice > Robotics in PT > Flashcards

Robotics in PT Flashcards

1
Q

HISTORY

Identify the year:
- Purpose of robotics: for military purposes

A

1965

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2
Q

HISTORY

Identify the year:
- Full body exoskeleton

A

1965

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3
Q

HISTORY

Identify the year:
- Hardiman by General Electric (US)

A

1965

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4
Q

HISTORY

Identify the year:
- First exoskeletons for gait assistance
- Mihajlo Pupin Institute Serbia
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, US

A

1970’s

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5
Q

HISTORY

Identify the year:
- RTX manipulator touch-sensitive pad as an end-effector
- Recorded response times, could be compared to previous sessions

A

1980

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6
Q

HISTORY

Identify the year:
- MIT-MANUS Project for rehabilitation purposes
- distinct approach to upper-extremity stroke therapy and successfully demonstrated their clinical effectiveness

A

1990’S

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7
Q

HISTORY

Identify the year:
- Mechanical control
- Lokomat for stroke and SCI

A

2001

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8
Q

One of the earliest devices for locomotion

A

Lokomat for stroke and SCI

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9
Q

HISTORY

Identify the year:

World’s first wearable cyborg
Bio-electrical signals (BES)
Birth of the Hybrid Assistive Limb (HAL)

A

2005

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10
Q

HISTORY

Identify the year:

Military exoskeletons (Raytheon XOS)
ReWalk, Indego (enables paraplegic patients to get out of their wheelchair)

A

2010

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11
Q

HISTORY

Identify the year:

Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta
First Pedia Rehab Program
Ekso Robotic Exoskeleton
Robotic devices to assist factory workers in biomechanics

A

2015

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12
Q

HISTORY

Identify the year:

HAL robotic exoskeleton devices were acquired by the city of Manila.

A

2021 & 2022

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13
Q

HISTORY

Identify the year:

Cybathlon in Switzerland
Paraplegias using robotic devices compete

A

2016

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14
Q

What were the 3 hospitals that acquired HAL robotic exoskeleton devices in 2021 and 2022?

A

ospital ng maynila, sta ana hospital, san andres hospital

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15
Q

HISTORY

Identify the year:

Filipinos made upper extremity rehabilitation robot, “AGAPAY Project” received its first international patent.

A

2023

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16
Q
  • Invented in DLSU
  • Exoskeleton device for UE
  • Has functions for both passive and active motion
A

AGAPAY Project

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17
Q

GIVE 3 OF THE GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WHO ARE ELIGIBLE FOR ROBOTIC REHABILITATION

A

-WITH MEDICAL CLEARANCE FOR AMBULATION
-GOOD CARDIOPULMONARY HEALTH
-NORMAL BONE DENSITY
-STABLE SPINE / NO UNHEALED FRACTURES
-CONTROLLED AUTONOMIC DYSREFLEXIA AND ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION
-ABSENCE OF UNCONTROLLED LIMB MOVEMENTS
-NORMAL COGNITION
-WITHOUT SEVERE DEFORMITY
-MANAGEABLE SPASTICITY (MAS: GRADE 3 AND BELOW)

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18
Q

CORE PRINCIPLES OF EXPERIENCE-DEPENDENT NEUROPLASTICITY

  • Natural networks not actively engaged in training can degrade
A

USE IT OR LOSE IT

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19
Q

CORE PRINCIPLES OF EXPERIENCE-DEPENDENT NEUROPLASTICITY

Training can induce dendritic growth and synaptogonesis within specific brain regions that enhance task performance

A

USE IT & IMPROVE IT

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20
Q

The nature of training dictates the nature of plasticity

A

SPECIFICITY

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21
Q

Repitition is required to induce lasting neural change (skill instantiation)

A

REPETITION MATTERS

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22
Q

A sufficient intensity of stimulation is required to induce plasticity

A

INTENSITY MATTERS

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23
Q

Different forms of plasticity occur at different times & during training

A

TIME MATTERS

24
Q

The training experience must be sufficiently rewarding to induce plasticity

A

SALIENCE MATTERS

25
Q

Training-induced plasticity occurs more readily in the younger brain

A

AGE MATTERS

26
Q

Plasticity induced by one training experience can enhance the acquisition of similar behaviors

A

TRANSFERENCE

27
Q

All are OMTs for the UE except:

  • Action Research Arm Test
  • Children’s Hand-use Experience
  • Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM)
  • Questionnaire Quality of Upper Extremity Skills Test (QUEST)
  • Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS)
A

Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM)

28
Q

Plasticity induced by one training experience can interfere the acquisition of similar behaviors

A

INTERFERENCE

29
Q

Give 3 OMTs for the LE used in robotics for PT

A
  • Walking ability gait speed, step length, cadence
  • 6-min walking distance (6MD)
  • Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM)
  • Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM)
  • Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory
  • Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS)
30
Q

ELIGIBILITY
T/F

Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) Level of II-III for UE.

A

FALSE

Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) Level of II-IV for UE.

31
Q

ELIGIBILITY
T/F

Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I–IV

32
Q

ELIGIBILITY
T/F

  • Able to express pain and anxiety through verbal or nonverbal communication or gestures, and facial expressions.
  • Cooperative and follows instructions.
  • No significant deformities or contractures.
  • Sufficient limb length and size.
33
Q

The following are challenges in robotics in PT except:

  • Difficulty in maintaining patient’s motivation and attention.
  • Compensatory and involuntary movements such as head turning, and shoulder elevation.
  • Complains of fatigue.
  • Available devices specifically designed to fit younger/smaller patients. (e.g. 5 years old)
A
  • Available devices specifically designed to fit younger/smaller patients. (e.g. 5 years old)

There is a lack of available devices specifically designed to fit younger/smaller patients. (e.g. 5 years old)

34
Q

ADVANTAGES OF ROBOTICS IN PT
T/F

ENHANCE CAPACITY TO PERFORM HIGHLY REPETITIVE TASKS AND INTENSE EXERCISES

35
Q

ADVANTAGES OF ROBOTICS IN PT
T/F

LESS BURDEN TO THE PATIENT AND THE THERAPIST

36
Q

ADVANTAGES OF ROBOTICS IN PT
T/F

LESS ACCURATE ASSISTANCE, FEEDBACK AND ASSESSMENT

A

FALSE

MORE ACCURATE ASSISTANCE, FEEDBACK AND ASSESSMENT

37
Q

ADVANTAGES OF ROBOTICS IN PT
T/F

ACCURACY AND CONSISTENCY OF MOVEMENT PATTERNS

38
Q

ADVANTAGES OF ROBOTICS IN PT
T/F

VISUALLY PLEASING

39
Q

ADVANTAGES OF ROBOTICS IN PT
T/F

Boring for the patient

A

FALSE.

CAPTURES THE PATIENT’S INTEREST

40
Q

T/F

SOME DEVICES ARE HEAVY AND TAKES TIME AND EFFORT TO WEAR

40
Q

T/F

ROBOTICS MAY LEAD TO FRUSTRATION FROM PATIENTS WHO TAKES LONGER TO IMPROVE

41
Q

T/F

ROBOTICS IS COSTLY. IT MAY LEAD TO MISCONCEPTION THAT THE USE OF A HIGH TECH AND EXPENSIVE DEVICE WILL DEFINITELY “CURE” THEM.

42
Q

What is the goal of robotic rehabilitation?

A

To serve as an adjunct to conventional therapy to optimize promotion of neuroplasticity and enhance motor re-learning by providing assistance and feedback beyond the capacity of manual techniques.

43
Q
  • Manipulandum (handle) at the distal part of the pt will have the control which will give different controls
  • Assistive, active-assistive or assist as needed or resisted motion
  • Can be imbued with haptic technology (different tactile sensations introduced)
A

End-effector-based

44
Q

Identification
Examples of End-effector-based robotics:

  • Enables robotically assisted therapy exercises for the paretic fingers.
  • Taped to the distal phalanges.
  • Can perform passive, active assistive, and isometric activities.
  • Real-time biofeedback
  • Integrated EMG
A

AMADEO (Trymotion, Austria)

44
Q

Identification
Examples of End-effector-based robotics:

-Manipulandum
-Patient can draw shapes or move their UE along a specific path.
-The kinematic data collected is useful for gauging post-stroke motor recovery.

A

MIT-MANUS (Interactive Motion Technologies, Cambridge, MA)

45
Q
  • Worn outside of the patient’s body
  • Divided into stationary (fixed in an area) and mobile (portable; worn in the clinic or for personal use outside)
A

Exoskeleton-type

46
Q

Identification
Examples of End-effector-based robotics:

-Supports motion of finger joints while detecting voluntary active motion.
-Multisensory stimulation and a simultaneous 3D animation on the screen to amplifiy the cortical stimulation.
-Patient can use his/her healthy hand to reply similar movements on the affected hand through Gloreha robotic glove.

A

GLOREHA SINFONIA

47
Q

Identification
Examples of End-effector-based robotics:

Provides training on all stages of stroke recovery.
Has 4 different control modes:
-Passive
-Assistive
-Active
-Resistive

A

ARM MOTUS M2 PRO

48
Q

Identification
Examples of exoskeleton type:

-Part of a unique modular therapy concept that covers the whole “Continuum of Rehabilitation”.
-Uses a single software platform throughout various devices for a specific stage of rehabilitation from early rehabilitation to long-term recovery.

A

ARMEO SPRING (Hocoma)

49
Q

Identification
Examples of exoskeleton type:

Amplify patient’s weak bioelectrical signals.
Detects signals by using different sensors attached to the patient’s skin.

A

MYOMO ROBOTIC ARM (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

50
Q

Identification
Examples of exoskeleton type:

Fourier Intelligence
Amplify patient’s weak bioelectrical signals.
Detects signals by using different sensors attached to the patient’s skin.

A

HANDY REHAB

51
Q

CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR ROBOT-ASSISTED THERAPY

EMG, ground reaction force, counterbalance

A

Assistance Strategies

52
Q

CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR ROBOT-ASSISTED THERAPY

Resistive, constraint-induced

A

Challenge-based strategies

53
Q

CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR ROBOT-ASSISTED THERAPY

Providing different sensations
- Proprioceptive, tactile, etc
Particularly, for UE with virtual reality
- Teaches skill to the patient

A

Haptic Simulation Strategies

54
Q

CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR ROBOT-ASSISTED THERAPY

Type of devices that does not have contact with patients; just coaching
E.g., Assess form/posture then provide feedback and motivation

A

Embodied Coaching Strategies

(3) Emerging PT Practice (6 decks)

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