Robotics / Artificial Intelligence Flashcards
is a branch of engineering that involves the
conception, design, manufacture, and operation of robots. This field
overlaps with electronics, computer science, artificial intelligence,
mechatronics, nanotechnology and bioengineering.
Robotics
is a programmable mechanical device that can perform tasks and interact with
its environment, without the aid of human interaction.
robot
Robot was coined by
Czech
playwright Karel Capek in 1921.
Basic Components of a Robot
Body/frame
Control System
Manipulators
Drivetrain
can be of any shape and size. Essentially, the ____ provides the
structure of the robot.
Body/frame
_____ _____ of a robot is equivalent to the central nervous system of
a human. It coordinates and controls all aspects of the robot.
Control System
to fulfill their purposes, many robots are required to interact with their
environment, and the world around them. Sometimes they are required to move or
reorient objects from their environments without direct contact by human operators.
Manipulators
Although some robots are able to perform their tasks from one location, it is
often a requirement of robots that they are able to move from location to location. For
this task, they require a ______. ______ consist of a powered method of mobility.
Drivetrain
Robots have a variety of modern day uses. These uses can be broken down into three
major categories:
Industrial Robots
Robots in Research
Robots in Education
Robots used in factories, offices, and manufacturing. Cnc plasma
cutter are an example
Industrial Robots
Robots like the Boston Dynamic’s BigDog and Atlas, were used
to further improve the field of robotics.
Robots in Research
Robots used for the educational purposes.
Robots in Education
Basically the technology by
which a process or procedure is
performed with minimal human
assistance.
Automation
Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics:
- A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to
come to harm. - A robot must obey any orders given to it by human beings, except where such orders
would conflict with the First Law. - A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with
the First or Second Law.
is a device,
module, or subsystem whose purpose is to detect events
or changes in its environment and send the information
to other electronics, frequently a computer processor
Sensors
is
the use of various control systems
for operating equipment such as
machinery, processes in factories,
boilers and heat treating ovens,
switching on telephone networks,
steering and stabilization of ships,
aircraft and other applications and
vehicles with minimal or reduced
human intervention.
Automatic control
is the creation of technology and its application in order to control and
monitor the production and delivery of various goods and services
Automation
Vendor Implemented
security are standards for which a certain producer
of robots use in order to protect themselves and the
customers from harm. Major implementors for these Standards are:
a. American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
b. International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
c. International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
Mechanics of a material deals with the behavior of a solid body subjected to various types of loading.
Mechanical Theory
in general terms, is a process to develop
a virtual model capable of emulating the real-world process
Simulation
the human and the robot are not collocated and are separated
spatially or even temporally (e.g. Mars Rovers are separated from earth both in space and
time).
Remote Interaction-
is a
general term that implies the use of a
computer to model and/or replicate
intelligent behavior.
Artificial Intelligence
is the study of motion of matter and the forces that cause such
motion. It is applied to the analysis of any dynamical system ranging from atoms to solar
systems.
Mechanics
the human and the robot are collocated (e.g. Service Bots may be
in the same rooms as humans)
Proximate Interaction-
is the study and application of extremely small things and can be used across all the other science fields, such as chemistry, biology, physics, materials science and engineering.
Nanotechnology
are standards for which a certain producer
of robots use in order to protect themselves and the
customers from harm
Vendor Implemented Security
require the robot to move materials or work parts from one
location to another.
Material-transfer applications
include material transfer and machine loading and unloading
Material-handling
Advantages of robotics
Decreased Production Costs:
Shorter Cycle Times:
Improved Quality and Reliability:
Better Floor Space Utilization:
Reduced Waste:
Attract More Customers:
Increased Safety:
More Savings:
Expert at Multiple Applications:
Applications are performed with precision and high
repeatability every time. It ensures the product is manufactured with the same specifications
and process every time. Repairs are few and far between.
Improved Quality and Reliability:
A quick return on investment (ROI) outweighs the initial setup
costs. With robots, throughput speeds increase, which directly impacts production.
Decreased Production Costs:
Disadvantages of robotics
Potential Job Losses:
Potential Job Losses:
Hiring Skilled Staff:
A lean manufacturing line is crucial for increasing efficiency. An
automated robot has the ability to work at a constant speed without pausing for breaks, sleep,
or vacations, and ultimately has the potential to produce more in a shorter time than a human
worker.
Shorter Cycle Times:
Robots are so accurate that the amount of raw material used can be reduced,
decreasing costs on waste.
Reduced Waste:
Robots increase workplace safety. Workers are moved to supervisory roles
where they no longer have to perform dangerous applications in hazardous settings. Light
screens or barriers are available to keep the operator out of harm’s way.
Increased Safety:
By decreasing a footprint of a work area by automating parts
of your production line, you can utilize the floor space for other operations and make the
process flow more efficient.
Better Floor Space Utilization:
Reduction in schedule and cost attracts customers. Automation
helps provide the highest throughput with least amount of spending.
Attract More Customers:
RobotWorx has a ROI calculator to help you find out how much money can
you save with a robot. In addition, improved worker safety leads to financial savings with fewer
healthcare and insurance concerns for employers. Also consider quality and customer
satisfaction, which means returning customers and more business.
More Savings:
Automation in the manufacturing industry is the process of
integrating industrial machinery to automatically perform a variety of applications such as
welding, material handling, packing, palletizing, dispensing, cutting, etc.
Expert at Multiple Applications:
One of the biggest concerns surrounding the introduction of robotic
automation is the impact of jobs for workers. If a robot can perform at a faster, more consistent
rate, then the fear is that humans may not be needed at all. While these worries are
understandable, they are not really accurate
Potential Job Losses:
This is typically the biggest obstacle that will decide whether or not
a company will invest in robotic automation, or wait until a later stage. A comprehensive
business case must be built when considering the implementation of this technology.
Initial Investment Costs:
Over the past decade manufacturers have found it harder to source skilled
staff members to fill the specialized roles in their factories. The introduction of automation
adds another layer to that conundrum as the robots require programming and a knowledge of
how to operate them.
Hiring Skilled Staff:
