Robinson R66 Flashcards
Power Failure
(Above 500’ AGL)
- Lower collective immediately to maintain rotor RPM
- Establish a steady glide at approximately 70 KIAS
- Adjust collective to keep RPM between 95 and 106% or apply full down collective if light weight prevents attaining above 95%
- Select landing spot and, if altitude permits, maneuver so landing will be into wind
- A restart may be attempted at pilot’s discretion if sufficient time is available (>2,000 AGL)
- If unable to restart, turn unnecessary switches and fuel valve off
- At about 40 feet AGL, begin cyclic flare to reduce rate of descent and forward speed
- At about 8 feet AGL, apply forward cyclic to level ship and raise collective just before touchdown to cushion landing
- Touch down in level attitude with nose straight ahead
Air Restart Procedure
CAUTION
Do not attempt restart if engine malfunction is suspected or before safe autorotation is established.
An immediate restart may be attempted by pressing the start button if N1 is above 20% (within approximately 10 seconds of power loss). It is not necessary to close throttle or pull fuel cutoff for immediate restart.
If N1 has decayed to 20% or below, use the following procedure:
- Fuel cutoff - Pull OFF
- Throttle Closed
- Start button - Push and release
- N1 15% or above - push fuel cutoff ON
- After peak MGT- throttle full open
Maximum Glide Distance Configuration
- Airspeed approximately 90 KIAS.
- Rotor RPM approximately 90%.
Best glide ratio is about 5.5:1 or one nautical mile per 1100 feet AGL.
Minimum Rate of Descent Configuration
- Airspeed approximately 60 KIAS.
- Rotor RPM approximately 90%.
Minimum rate of descent is about 1300 feet per minute.
Glide ratio is about 4.5:1 or one nautical mile per 1350 feet AGL.
Power Failure
(Between 8’ and 500’ AGL)
- Lower collective immediately to maintain rotor RPM.
- Adjust collective to keep RPM between 95 and 106% or apply full down collective if light weight prevents attaining above 95%.
- Maintain airspeed until ground is approached, then begin cyclic flare to reduce rate of descent and forward speed.
- At about 8 feet AGL, apply forward cyclic to level ship and raise collective just before touchdown to cushion landing. Touch down in level attitude and nose straight ahead
Power Failure
(Below 8’ AGL)
- Apply right pedal as required to prevent yawing.
- Allow helicopter to settle.
- Raise collective just before touchdown to cushion landing
Emergency Water Landing Power Off
- Follow same procedures as for power failure over land until contacting water. If time permits, unlatch doors prior to water contact.
- Apply lateral cyclic when aircraft contacts water to stop rotors.
- Release seat belt and quickly clear aircraft when rotors stop.
Three Conditions Requiring Autorotation
Power Failure
Drivetrain Failure
Oil Pressure Failure
Tachometer Failure
If rotor or engine tachometer malfunctions in flight, use remaining tachometer to monitor RPM. If it is not clear which tachometer is malfunctioning or if both tachometers malfunction, allow governor to control RPM and land as soon as practical.
NOTE:
Each tachometer, the governor, and the low RPM horn are on separate power circuits. A special circuit allows the battery to supply power to the tachometers with the battery and alternator switches both off. (Low RPM horn and Governor are inoperative)
Land as Soon as Practical
Landing site is at pilot’s discretion based on nature of problem and available landing areas. Flight beyond nearest airport is not recommended.
Land Immediately
Land on the nearest clear area where a safe normal landing can be performed. Be prepared to enter autorotation during approach, if required
Low Rotor Horn
The horn activates simultaneously with the Low Rotor Caution Light and indicates rotor speed below 95% RPM. To restore RPM, immediately lower collective, verify throttle full open, in forward flight apply aft cyclic.
Horn and light are disabled when collective is full down.
Loss of Tail Rotor Thrust in Hover
Failure is usually indicated by nose right yaw which cannot be stopped by applying left pedal
- Immediately close throttle to control yaw rate and allow aircraft to settle
- Raise collective just before touchdown to cushion landing
Hydraulic System Failure
Hydraulic system failure is indicated by heavy or stiff cyclic and collective controls
Loss of hydraulic fluid may cause intermittent and/or vibrating feedback in the controls.
Control will be normal except for increase in stick forces
- HYD Switch - verify ON
- If hydraulics not restored, HYD switch - OFF
- Adjust airspeed and flight conditions as desired for comfortable control
- Land as soon as practical. A run-on landing is recommended if a suitable landing surface is available.
Emergency Water Landing — Power On
- Descend to hover above water
- Unlatch doors
- Passengers exit aircraft
- Fly to safe distance from passengers to avoid possible injury by rotors
- Switch battery and generator OFF
- Close throttle
- Keep aircraft level and apply full collective as aircraft contacts water
- Apply lateral cyclic to stop rotors
- Release seat belt and quickly clear aircraft when rotors stop
Loss of Tail Rotor Thrust in Forward Flight
Failure is usually indicated by nose right yaw which cannot be corrected by applying left pedal
- Immediately close throttle and enter autorotation
- Maintain at least 70 KIAS if practical
- Select landing site and perform autorotation landing
NOTE
When a suitable landing site is not available, the vertical stabilizer may permit limited controlled flight at low power settings and airspeeds above 70 KIAS; however, prior to reducing airspeed, enter full autorotation
Electrical Fire
- Battery and Genenator switches—OFF
- Open cabin vents
- Land immediately
- Pull fuel cutoff OFF and pull fuel valve knob OFF
- If time permits, apply rotor brake to stop rotors
- Exit aircraft
Note:
Low RPM warning system is inoperative with battery and generator switches both OFF
Engine Fire In Flight
- Immediately enter autorotation
- Cabin Heat — OFF (if time permits)
- If engine is running, land immediately, then pull fuel cutoff OFF and pull shut fuel valve knob OFF
If engine stops running, pull fuel cutoff OFF, pull fuel knob valve OFF, and complete autorotation landing
- If time permits, apply rotor brake to stop rotors
- Exit helicopter
Engine Fire During Start or Shutdown
- Fuel cutoff — Pull OFF
- Start button — Push and release
- Fuel valve button — Pull OFF
- Battery Switch – OFF when MGT decreases to 150 degrees C or if fire worsens
- If time permits, apply rotor brake to stop rotors
- Exit aircraft
Power Turbine Governor Failure
Governor failure is indicated by a rise or fall of N2 RPM. If N2 over speeds, attempt to control RPM with throttle. If N2 under speeds, verify throttle is full open and reduce collective to control RPM. If governor failure is suspected, land as soon as practical.
If manual RPM control is not possible, lower collective, close throttle, and complete autorotation landing per power failure procedures.
MR CHIP Light
Indicates metallic particles in main rotor gearbox
NOTE
If light is accompanied by any indication of a problem such as noise, vibration, or temperature rise, land immediately. If there is no other indication of a problem, land as soon as practical.
TR CHIP Light
Indicates metallic particles in tail rotor gearbox
NOTE
If light is accompanied by any indication of a problem such as noise, vibration, or temperature rise, land immediately. If there is no other indication of a problem, land as soon as practical.
ENGINE CHIP Light
Indicates metallic particles in engine
NOTE
If light is accompanied by any indication of a problem such as noise, vibration, or temperature rise, land immediately. If there is no other indication of a problem, land as soon as practical.
MR TEMP/PRESS Light
Indicates excessive temperature or low oil pressure in main gearbox
Land Immediately
ENGINE FIRE Light
Indicates possible fire in engine compartment
Follow applicable procedure for engine fire
ENGINE OIL Light
Indicates loss of engine oil pressure. If oil pressure gage confirms pressure loss, land immediately.
Otherwise land as soon as practicable.
N1 below 50% RPM indicates possible flameout and an air restart may be attempted
FUEL FILTER Light
Indicates fuel filter contamination. If no other indication of a problem exists, land as soon as practical. If light is accompanied by erratic engine operation, land immediately.
LOW FUEL Light
Indicates approximately five gallons of usable fuel remaining. The engine will run out of fuel after 10 minutes at cruise power.
CAUTION
Do not use LOW FUEL as a working indication of fuel quantity.
GEN Light
Indicates generator failure. Turn off nonessential electrical equipment and switch GEN to RESET and back to ON. If light stays on, land as soon as practical.
NOTE
A GEN light may indicate a broken generator shaft. With a broken shaft, it will not be possible to re-start the helicopter after shutdown.
COWL DOOR Light
Indicates baggage compartment door, fuel filter cowl door, or engine cowl door is not closed. Land as soon as practical.
AIR FILTER Light
Indicates air filter contamination or blockage. Engine is operating on unfiltered air via filter bypass doors. Land as soon as practical.
ROTOR BRAKE Light
Indicates rotor brake is engaged. Release immediately in flight or before starting engine.
HYD Light
Indicates hydraulic system is switched off
