Road To Revolution II Flashcards
Tea act
- Started in 1773
- A small tax but it was a symbol that British could tax the colonies so the colonists were mad
- The act would help the British east India company sell tea directly to the colonists so they wouldn’t have to pay the higher price the merchants would insist
- this made Tea cheaper than ever before but the colonists still resented the tax because it cut out the Americans tea merchants from the triangular trade(effected economy)
New boycott
- The daughters of liberty and other women made their own type of tea from raspberry leaves they would call it coffee or liberty Tea
- The sons of liberty kept the British East company from unloading cargoes of tea into the colonies
- this is why America are now coffee drinkers
Boston Tea Party
- Three ships filled with Tea came to Boston, Massachusetts and were going to unload on November 17, 1773
- The sons of liberty told the governor to send the boats back to Britain but the governor refused and told the ships to unload
- The Sons of liberty disguised themselves as Mohawk Indians and dumped all the tea into the harbor
- 342 chests of tea floated in the Boston Harbor by 10 PM
Intolerable acts
- After the Boston tea party Parlament punished the colonists specifically Massachusetts by making 4 harsh acts
- First they close the Boston Port and they let no ship in or out not even a small boat, the port will stay closed until the colonists pay for the tea they destroyed
- Second they wouldn’t allow more than one town meeting per year unless you had the governments permission
- Third if a British official broke a law they wouldn’t have to be tried in Massachusetts they could be tried in Canada or Britain
- Fourth colonist had to home redcoats if there was no other available housing
Quebec Act
- Around the same time as the 4 intolerable acts Parliament made the Quebec act
- Parliament set up a government for Canada
- Parliament gave complete religious freedom to French Catholics
- Parliament extended the borders of Canada between the Ohio and Missouri rivers
- this anger the colonists because they had claimed this land
1st continental congress
- 12 colonies participated Georgia did not
- they agreed to boycott all British goods till the intolerable acts were repealed
- they stopped exporting goods to Britain until of the intolerable asked where repealed
- also they urged colonies to set up their own militia
2nd continental congress
Sent the olive branch petition
-met in Philadelphia
Olive branch petition
- The delegates from the second Continental Congress send a petition to King George
- they declare their loyalty to the king and asked him to repeal the intolerable acts
- The king feared this was the start of the colonies fighting for their independence so the king ordered 20,000 more troops to the colonies to crash the revolt
- war cannot be avoided
Militia
An army of citizens who are not really trained but ready to fight as soldiers if an emergency occurs
Minutemen
- Training regular regularly and ready at a moments notice to fight
- they’re called Minutemen because they always had a gun at hand and could fight within a minutes notice
Battle at Lexington
- British troops wanted to seize colonial weapons in Concord so they went through Lexington to get there
- they were stopped at Lexington by Minutemen
- as the Minutemen began to leave because they were clearly outnumbered a shot was fired (by a colonist)
- so the British then open fire and after all the gun smoke cleared eight colonists lay dead
Battle at concord
- After the Minutemen left Lexington, British continued to Concord
- The British were going to Concord to seize the militias weapons and gunpowder
- The battle at Lexington gave the militia enough time to hide their weapons and gunpowder so the British found nothing
- As the British head back to Boston the militia and Minutemen attack, they fire at the British the entire trip back to boston
- 73 British were killed and 200 wounded
The shot heard around the world
-The accidental shot that was fired at Lexington started the Revolutionary war
-The entire world new what the colonists with fighting for, their independence
THE BEGINING OF REVOLUTIONARY WAR!
Acts that made colonists mad
Proclamation a Act of 1763- wouldn’t let colonists move west of mt.
Sugar act- a tax on molasses, a smaller tax then before but NTWR
Stamp act- a tax on illegal documents and newspaper
Townsend acts- a tax on glass, paper, paint, lead, tea (everything )
Tea act- a tax on tea, British sell directly to colonists skip merchants
Intolerable acts- 4 harsh and unjust acts on just boston
Quebec act- freedoms to French Catholics, government for Canada, extended canada borders
What role did African-Americans play any key events in 1770–1776
English said that they would give slaves their freedom if they fought on the British side but the English did not keep that promise
What roles did women play in the key events of 1770–1776?
- Some women helped fight
- During the battle of concord some women held guns out their window and fired at the British
Why England want to stay in power of the colonies
Mercantilism
So the colonies could make products such as food and supplies and give British some which British could sell to make money.
It would help Britans economy but it doesn’t help the colonies at all
How would colonist protest
Petitions Riots Mobs Boycotting Committee of correspondence Common sense Tar and feathering Sons and daughters of liberty Effigies
Patriots
- Thought British rule was harsh and unjust
- Favored was against British
Loyalists
- Loyal to the kings
- Loyalists faced hard times during the war
- Many Loyalists fled to England or Canada. Others found shelter in cities controlled by the British. Those who fled lost their homes, stores, and farms.
Patriot advantages
- many patriots on rifles and were good shots
- Had a brilliant commander (George Washington)
- had PASSION to fight for their life liberty and pursuit of happiness
Patriot disadvantages
- Colonial forces were poorly organized and untrained
- They had few cannons, Little gunpowder, and no
- Few colonists were willing to enlist in the Continental Army for long terms of service they preferred to fight near home as part of a local militia
British advantages
- British was a powerful empire
- They had highly trained, experienced troops
- They navy was the best in the world
- Had been fighting for a while and defeated everything in its path
British disadvantages
- It’s armies were 3000 miles from home
- News and supplies took months to travel from Britain to North America
- British soldiers risked attacks by colonist once they marched out of the cities into the countryside
