Road to Civil War Flashcards
11 slave states
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia
Virginia
Maryland
Delaware
Mississippi
Alabama
Louisiana
Kentucky
Tennessee
11 free states
Massachusetts
Connecticut
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Vermont
Illinois
Ohio
Indiana
first 7 states to secede
South Carolina
Alabama
Florida
Louisiana
Texas
Georgia
Mississippi
Next 4 states to secede
Arkansas
North Carolina
Virginia
Tennessee
All the border states
Maryland
Delaware
Kentucky
Missouri
David Wilmot
Proposed the Wilmot Proviso
Henry Clay
Kentucky Senator “The great compromiser”
Proposed compromise of 1850 and the missouri compromise
Stephen Douglas
Proposed Kansas-Nebraska Act
Took over for Clay when he was too ill to continue his plan, ran for senate in illinois and ran for President
John C. Calhoun
Proposed that slavery be allowed in western states and N had to return fugitive slaves.
Threatened that the south would secede if slavery wasn’t allowed
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
A book that talks about the injustice of the fugitive slave act
Charles Sumner
Massachusetts senator
Made a speech criticizing Andrew Butler
Andrew Butler
South Carolina Senator
Helped make the Kansas-Nebraska Act
Criticized in Sumner’s speech
Preston Brooks
South Carolina Senator
Butler’s nephew
Beat Sumner with a cane, was unpunished
Dred Scott
Slave in missouri who moved to wisconsin with owner, moved back to Missouri with owner, then his owner died
John Brown
Abolitionist, decided to strike back against raids in kansas. Raided an arsenal, and got sentanced to death for treason
Was a martyr
Franklin Pierce
President who supported Kansas-Nebraska Act
Abraham Lincoln and his beliefs
Republican, Anti-spread, ran for senate in illinois (lost)
- believed that although blacks were inferior to white, slavery was legally and morally wrong
- disagreed with the idea of popular sovereignty for slavery
- Ran for president (won)
Election of 1860
Abraham Lincoln - Republican, Anti-Spread
Stephen Douglas - Northern Democrat, pro popular sovereignty
John Breckinridge - Southern Democrat, pro slavery (spoke for the planters)
John Bell - Constitutional Union, whatever, just wanted the union to stay together
Stephen Douglas 1860
Northern Democrat, pro popular sovereignty
John Breckinridge
Southern Democrat, Pro slavery
John Bell
Constitutional Union, whatever just wanted to keep the union together
Sam Houston
Governer of texas
slaveowner, anti-abolitionist
Objected to secession
Thought that CSA was going to loose battle so there is no point in leaving if Lincoln will let us keep our slaves
Kicked out of office to Huntsville Tx (67)
Martin Van Buren
Former President, Free-soilers selected him to be their candidate for the free soil party election of 1848
Robert Anderson
Union Commander of fort Sumter
Refused to surrender until they ran out of food or ammo
Surrendered when CSA open fired on them
John Crittenden
made last effort to save union by introducing bill that was unamendable, to extend the 36 30 line to the pacific, and said that any states S of the line would have Slaves and any states N of line would be free
Robert E Lee
Commander of troops that captured Brown
Missouri Compromise
Proposed by senator Henry Clay(KY)
1. Maine enters Union as free state
2. Missouri enters as slave state
3. Congress draws imaginary line across the bottom missouri that spreads across the whole louisiana purchase. Any state N of line is free. Any state S of line is slave
* Just in Louisiana Purchase
Compromise of 1850
Proposed by Henry Clay
1. Cal enters as Free State (N)
2. Popular sovereignty in Utah and New Mexico Territories (N)
3. No more slave trade in DC
4. Settled the border dispute between Texas and New mexico
5. New Stricter Fugitive slave laws (S!!)
James Mason
When Calhoun was ill, he took over and read his speech
Kansas-nebraska act and who it was proposed by
Proposed by Stephen Douglas, and Andrew Butler.
- said that any states made out of Kansas/Nebraska territory would have popular sovereignty to decide whether they’d be free or slave
Wilmot Proviso
Bill to ban slavery in the western territories/mexican cession
Why was the N mad about K-N act
N was upset because it was above the 36 30 line
Why did north senators pass the K-N act
- Hope was that pro slavery people would move to MO and anti would move to KS
Balance would be maintained - North knew that if they pushed too hard, south might secede (leave Union)
Had to swallow their pride and compromise their values and let K-N act pass despite that they hated it
Border Ruffians
Pro-slavery Missourians moved to Kansas to disrupt elections
- Intimidated antis
- Voted illegally
Helped elect pro-slavery govt in KS
- Very strict pro-slavery laws
- Death for aiding runaways
- Prison for saying anything anti
Antis refused to accept results of an election, held another election
Dred Scott v. Sandford
DS went to supreme court and they dissmissed the case because Dred Scott was a slave not a citizen
1. Reinforced the legal status of slaves as property
2. Said that per constitution, congress did not have authority to make laws in territories
Meaning that missouri compromise was unconstitutional
Republican party
Formed in 1854 from factions (splinters) of 3 other parties
- Free soilers
- Northern Democrats
- Anti-Slavery Whigs
Free Soiler Party 1854
Anti-slavery members met in buffalo and founded free soil party to keep slavery out of western territories
Election of 1856
Republicans chose John C Fremont
Democrats chose James Buchanan (won)
Wilmot proviso
bill to ban slavery in the mexican cession lands
fugitive slave
a slave that has run away to seek freedom
popular sovereignty
ruled by the people
guerrilla warfare
the use of hit-and-run tactics
Lawsuit
legal case used to settle a dispute between people or groups
abolish
to eradicate, to do away with something
abolitionist
someone who wants to abolish something
Abolitionist
Capital A
Someone who wants to do away with slavery
Anti-spread
someone who doesn’t necessarily want to abolish slavery but doesn’t want it to spread to west
Arsenal
gun warehouse
Martyr
willing to give up his life for his beliefs
Treason
acts against one’s country
Unamendable
one that couldn’t be changed
secede
to voluntarily remove yourself, to quit
secession
the act of seceding
Secession
when the southern states quit the union
civil war
War between people of the same country
political equilibrium
Balance of power
- Between parties
- Between regions
Neither Side can get their way, they lack votes to dictate policy to the other side
what was the 31st state
California
what was the S and F state equilibrium in 1820
11-11
President of the CSA
Jefferson Davis
where did john brown get captured
Harpers ferry, west Virginia
where did john brown attack in Kansas spell out
Pottawatomie Creek
