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Highway and Railroad Engineering > Road Construction Method > Flashcards

Road Construction Method Flashcards

1
Q

is a structure that link
barangays and cities in the country, and
serve as medium in transporting goods
and commodities from one place to
another, and as communication link
which brings economic development to
a nation.

A

road

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2
Q

the main highway trunk
line system that is continuous in extent that goes
from province to province and region to region.

A

Primary National Road

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3
Q

connects a provincial or
national road to a public wharf or railway station.

A

Secondary National Road

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4
Q

connects two
municipalities or cities within a province

A

Provincial Road

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5
Q

street within the urban area of the
city.

A

City Road

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6
Q

street within the poblacion area of a municipality.

A

Municipal Road

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7
Q

street located outside the
poblacion area of a municipality or urban area
of a city and those outside industrial,
commercial areas or residential subdivisions.

A

Barangay Road

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8
Q

are those roads of national
importance. They are frequently used by traffic
and leads to vital areas such as major cities and
installations.

A

Major roads

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9
Q

are roads which is local in nature as
it serves only the interest of the locality such as a
street.

A

Minor roads

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10
Q

It is the simplest form of road constructed by
shaping and smoothing the natural soil
traversed by the road line.

A

Earth Road

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11
Q

It is sometimes termed as an all weather road
and are used to construct Farm to Market
Roads which serves to connect rural and
agricultural areas to market towns.

A

Gravel Road

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12
Q

It is frequently described as flexible pavement
implying its ability to absorb the stresses
imposed by traffic and weather without
cracking.

A

Asphalt Road

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13
Q

It is sometimes termed rigid pavement because it is
strong in resisting compressive load but weak in
resisting tensile stresses.

A

PCC Pavement Road

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14
Q

is the upper layer of natural soil which
may be the undisturbed local materials, or soil
excavated elsewhere placed as fill.

A

Subgrade

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15
Q

are
individual stabilizing layers of selected material and
designed thickness placed on top of the subgrade to
distribute the load transmitted from the surface
course.

A

Aggregate Subbase and Base Courses

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16
Q

is the uppermost structural
component of the roadway, which provides
resistance to wear and shearing stress due to traffic
load.

A

Surface Course

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17
Q

are located beside the carriage way
which is the total width available for passing vehicles,
and is used to receive lateral clearance to protect
major structures on the roadside, to secure safety
and comfort of both motorists and pedestrians and
for emergency stopping purposes.

A

Shoulders

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18
Q

are located beneath or
alongside the roadway used in collecting,
transporting and disposing of surface water
originating in or near the road right-of-way.

A

Drainage Structures

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19
Q

are constructed
along the side of the roadway to stabilize the
slopes.

A

Slope Protection Structures

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20
Q

are constructed along the side
of the roadway if there are space constrictions.

A

Retaining Walls

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21
Q

Determines the actual position of the
road structure based on the plans

A

As - Stake Survey

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22
Q

Becomes necessary to divert traffic
from any existing roadway whenever
the construction operations block the
flow of traffic.

A

Detour Roads

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23
Q

A road by which a job is connected to
the highway system and is generally
used in connection with borrow pits.

A

Access Roads

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24
Q

It means removing and disposing all
surface objects including vegetation,
trees and other protruding objects not
designated to remain along the roadway.

A

Clearing and Grubbing

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25
Q

is the upper layer of natural soil
which may be the undisturbed local materials or
soil excavated elsewhere placed as fill.

A

subgrade

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26
Q

earth fill below the pavement
necessary to raise the road above flood levels.

A

Embankment

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27
Q

suitable material from sources
outside the roadway prism, used for
embankments.

A

Borrow

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28
Q

the angle of constructed soil plane
usually expressed in proportion of length and
depth.

A

Slope

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29
Q

the average depth of embankment material
needed to be placed on top of the natural
ground at any designated location along the
roadway to satisfy the designed grade.

A

Fill

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30
Q

the average depth needed in excavating
the natural found at a specific location along
the road traverse to satisfy the designed grade.

A

Cut

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31
Q

removing earth from its original
position in a cut and transporting it to a fill or
to waste deposit.

A

Excavation

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32
Q

the pressing of soil particles to
expel air from the mass and filling the voids to
make the material more dense.

A

Compaction

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33
Q

a tool for economic road
building, material conservation, investment
protection and roadway upgrading.

A

Soil Stabilization

34
Q

suitable native material
obtained from roadway cuts or borrow areas
or other similar material used for subbase,
roadbed material, shoulder surfacing slope
cover or other specific purposes.

A

Selected Borrow

35
Q

The layer of material
placed on an existing surface to eliminate
irregularities prior to placing an overlaying
course.

A

Leveling Course

36
Q

It is the process of loosening and
removing earth from its original
position and transporting same for fill
or to a waste deposit.

A

Roadway Excavation

37
Q

Involves excavation of common
materials used as embankment fill
which results from excavation along
the road traverse.

A

Common Excavation

38
Q

Is the removal and disposal of saturated
or unsaturated mixtures of soils and
organic matter not suitable for
foundation materials.

A

Unsuitable Excavation

39
Q

Consists of igneous, sedimentary and
metamorphic rocks which cannot be
excavated without blasting or the use
of rippers.

A

Rock Excavation

40
Q

Excavation and disposal of materials
regardless of its nature which were not
classified and included in the bill of
quantities under other pay items.

A

Unclassified Excavation

41
Q

Are suitable materials excavated
along the road traverse which are
disposed as excess in the
formation of embankment
subgrade.

A

Surplus Excavation

42
Q

Are suitable materials which can be
common or rock which are brought
and compacted together to a
specified degree to form a stable
embankment to bring the road to a
desired grade or to elevate it above
flood level.

A

Embankment Fill

43
Q

Compaction trial of not less than _____. is done to determine the actual capability of the compaction equipment and the compatibility of the material to be used.

A

500 sq.m

44
Q

is
conducted on site in order to determine if
the required compaction specification has
been attained to a specific layer.

A

Field Density Test

45
Q

are painted sticks placed
along the side of the road traverse as guide
and reference in the elevation of the
different layering requirements of the road
project

A

Blue Tops

46
Q

is a structural
layer which accepts greater
compressive stress than the subgrade
and thus reduces the deformation of the
pavement under traffic loading.

A

subbase course

47
Q

reduces the vertical
compressive stress induced by traffic in
the subbase course and the subgrade.

A

base course

48
Q

PCCP

A

Portland Cement Concrete Pavement

49
Q

It protects the base against damage by
traffic and weather.

A

Concrete
Pavement

50
Q

concrete ability to be placed in
a prepared form without honeycomb.

A

Workability

51
Q

measure of fluidity of
concrete.

A

Consistency

52
Q

describes the
compressive strength of concrete mix.

A

Water-cement ratio

53
Q

are substances other than
aggregates water and Portland cement that
can be added to concrete to improve its
properties and fulfill other special purposes.

A

Admixture

54
Q

is the treatment or protection
applied to concrete during hardening period to
protect against early shrinkage due to lose of
moisture or abrupt changes in temperature.

A

Curing agent

55
Q

Also called cold joint.

A

Construction Joint

56
Q

Are provided to relieve the tensile
stresses due to temperature, moisture,
and friction, thereby controlling
cracking.

A

Contraction Joint

57
Q

Deformed steel tie bars of specified
length, size and spacing are placed
perpendicular to this joint.

A

Longitudinal Joint

58
Q

Provide space for the expansion of
the pavement, thereby preventing
the development of compressive
stresses which can cause the
pavement to buckle.

A

Expansion Joint

59
Q

are normally used in
expansion joints, and their
diameter, spacing, and length
would generally be similar to that
indicated for contraction joints.

A

Dowel bars

60
Q

Are plain round steel bars generally
coated with a thin file of bitumen to
protect them against corrosion and to
facilitate sliding in concrete.

A

Dowels

61
Q

Are deformed bars used in
construction and longitudinal joints
together with keys to tie two slabs
together.

A

Tie bars

62
Q

is used to grade concrete in such manner as to prevent segregation.

A

screeder

63
Q

after the concrete has been struck off and
consolidated it is further smoothened by means of a
longitudinal float.

A

Floating

64
Q

is executed by producing a uniform
appearance of corrugations produced in the surface
not more than 1.5 mm. in depth.

A

Brooming

65
Q

Is necessary for the hydration to take
place so that the concrete may harden
properly and prevent abrupt loss of
moisture during the curing period.

A

Concrete Curing

66
Q

the most popular method which
involves the spray application of light-colored fluid to
the entire area of the wet concrete.

A

Curing compound

67
Q

is done within 24 hours after concrete pouring water using cooled diamond edge saw blade

A

Concrete sawing

68
Q

is made of mineral aggregate mixed
with asphalt laid at a high temperature
of about 275 to 300 degree F

A

Asphalt Concrete
Pavement

69
Q

It ensure the adhesion of the surface
course to the binder course.

A

Tack Coat

70
Q

It is a bituminous layer below the
surface or wearing course.

A

Binder Course

71
Q

It should be smooth yet skid resistant,
quiet, in contact with tires, cohesive
and durable enough to resist traffic
stresses and sufficiently impermeable
to water and air to resist weathering.

A

Wearing Course

72
Q

is meant to
stabilize the foundation bed to avoid
any possible settlement that might
impair the function of the drainage
structure and also to serve as a uniform
cushion to the culvert.

A

Foundation Fill

73
Q

are constructed along the side of the
road as protection from erosion or if
there are space constrictions.

A

Slope protection/retaining structures

74
Q

is an ideal equipment to use in
the excavation of foundation for grouted
riprap.

A

backhoe

75
Q

After grouting, the surface is cured for a period of at least _____ from the date of installation.

A

3 days

76
Q

thickness of not less than
150 mm, and widths of not less than
one and one-half times their
respective thickness, and lengths of
not less than one and one-half times
their respective widths.

A

Boulders

77
Q

composed of one part of
Portland Cement and two parts of
fine aggregate by volume and
sufficient water to make the mortar
such consistency that it can be
handled easily and spread with a
trowel.

A

Mortar

78
Q

Wire mesh in varying thickness and width
which is filled with boulders in placed to
form a slope protection structure.

A

Gabion Mattress

79
Q

It is the raised rim of concrete which
forms the edge of the sidewalk

A

Curb

80
Q

is the horizontal paved
portion slightly inclined.

A

Gutter

81
Q

It is for use of pedestrians

A

Concrete Sidewalk

82
Q

It is used to restrain and guide
out-of-control vehicle in a manner that
will cause the least damage and not
create undue hazard to other vehicles.

A

Guardrails

Highway and Railroad Engineering (4 decks)

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