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BOARDS VIRUSES > RNA viruses > Flashcards

RNA viruses Flashcards

1
Q

what is the difference between positive and negative sense RNA?

A
  • positive sense can be directly translated into a protein. ALL POSITIVE STRAND RNA VIRUSES ARE INFECTIOUS WITHOUT THEIR CAPSIDS (naked viral genome infectivity)
  • Negative sense viruses need an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase which converts negative sense RNA to positive sense RNA, so that it can be translated into a protein. ALL NEGATIVE STRAND RNA VIRUSES ARE NOT INFECTIVE WITHOUT THEIR CAPSIDS (no naked viral genome infectivity)
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2
Q

what is the only group of dsRNA viruses?

A

Reoviruses (reovirus, rotavirus, colorado tick fever virus)

** think “repeatovirus” – repeat for double stranded, and it also sounds a little like reo/rota virus

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3
Q

what are the attributes of Reoviruses (reovirus, rotavirus, colorado fever virus)?

RNA or DNA:
ss or ds:
naked or enveloped:
shape of capsid:

A

Reovirus

RNA or DNA: RNA
ss or ds: ss (reovirus is the ONLY ss RNA virus)
naked or enveloped: naked
shape of capsid: icosahedral

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4
Q

what are the 3 viruses listed as REOVIRUSES?

A
  1. reovirus
  2. rotavirus
  3. colorado tick fever virus
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5
Q

What are the 7 Positive sense RNA viruses?

A
  1. Retrovirus
  2. togavirus
  3. flavavirus
  4. coronavirus
  5. hepevirus
  6. calcivirus
  7. picornavirus

“I went to a RETRO TOGA party where I drank FLAVored CORONA and ate HIPPY CALifornia PICKled CORN”

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6
Q

what does the following mnemonic represent:

“I went to a RETRO TOGA party where I drank FLAVored CORONA and ate HIPPY CALifornia PICKled CORN”

A

the 7 positive sense RNA viruses:

  1. Retrovirus
  2. togavirus
  3. flavavirus
  4. coronavirus
  5. hepevirus
  6. calcivirus
  7. picornavirus
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7
Q

which virus family (and the three viruses within the family) are dsRNA, naked, and icosahedral?

A

reoviruses

  1. reovirus
  2. rotavirus
  3. colorado tick virus
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8
Q

what 3 RNA virus groups are ssRNA, + sense, enveloped, and icosahedral?

A
  1. Flavivirus
  2. Togavirus
  3. retrovirus
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9
Q

what are the attributes for Flavivirus?

RNA or DNA: 
ss or ds: 
\+ or neg sense: 
enveloped or naked: 
shape of capsid:
A

Flavivirus (same as retrovirus and Togavirus)

RNA or DNA: RNA
ss or ds: ss (all are ss EXCEPT Reovirus!!)
+ or neg sense: + (“I went to a RETRO TOGA party where I drank FLAVored CORONA and ate HIPPY CALifornia PICKled CORN”)
enveloped or naked: enveloped
shape of capsid: icosahedral

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10
Q

what are the attributes for Retrovirus?

RNA or DNA: 
ss or ds: 
\+ or neg sense: 
enveloped or naked: 
shape of capsid:
A

Retrovirus (same as Flavivirus and Togavirus)

RNA or DNA: RNA
ss or ds: ss (all are ss EXCEPT Reovirus!!)
+ or neg sense: + (“I went to a RETRO TOGA party where I drank FLAVored CORONA and ate HIPPY CALifornia PICKled CORN”)
enveloped or naked: enveloped
shape of capsid: icosahedral

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11
Q

What are the attributes for togavirus?

RNA or DNA: 
ss or ds: 
\+ or neg sense: 
enveloped or naked: 
shape of capsid:
A

Togavirus (same as Retrovirus and Togavirus)

RNA or DNA: RNA
ss or ds: ss (all are ss EXCEPT Reovirus!!)
+ or neg sense: + (“I went to a RETRO TOGA party where I drank FLAVored CORONA and ate HIPPY CALifornia PICKled CORN”)
enveloped or naked: enveloped
shape of capsid: icosahedral

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12
Q

what are the Flaviviruses (4)

A
  1. Yellow Fever Virus
  2. Dengue Virus
  3. St. Louis EV
  4. Hep C
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13
Q

what are the Togaviruses (4)

A
  1. Rubella
  2. Western Equine EV
  3. Eastern Euine EV
  4. Venezuelan EV
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14
Q

what are the 2 retroviruses?

A
  1. HIV

2. HTLV

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15
Q

what is the group of viruses that is composed of positive sense, enveloped, helical ssRNA?

A

coronavirus (coronaviruse and SARS-CoV)

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16
Q

what are the two coronaviruses?

A
  1. coronavirus

2. SARS-CoV

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17
Q

What are the attributes for coronavirus?

RNA or DNA: 
ss or ds: 
\+ or neg sense: 
enveloped or naked: 
shape of capsid:
A

Coronavirus

RNA or DNA: RNA
ss or ds: ss (all are ss EXCEPT Reovirus!!)
+ or neg sense: + (“I went to a RETRO TOGA party where I drank FLAVored CORONA and ate HIPPY CALifornia PICKled CORN”)
enveloped or naked: enveloped
shape of capsid: helical

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18
Q

what are the 3 groups of + sense, naked, icosahedral ssRNA viruses?

A
  1. Calcivirus
  2. Hepevirus
  3. Picorna Virus
19
Q

What are the 2 Calciviruses (+ sense, naked, icosahedral ssRNA viruses)?

A
  1. Norwalk Agent

2. Noro-like

20
Q

What is the Hepevirus (+ sense, naked, icosahedral ssRNA viruses)?

A

Hep E

“HEPE” virus = Hep E

21
Q

What are the 6 Picornaviruses (+ sense, naked, icosahedral ssRNA viruses)?

A
  1. Polio Virus
  2. Enteroviruses
  3. Echovirus
  4. Coxsackie A and B
  5. Rhinoviruses
  6. Hepatitis A virus
22
Q

What are the attributes of Calcivirus

RNA or DNA: 
ss or ds: 
\+ or neg sense: 
enveloped or naked: 
shape of capsid:
A

Calcivirus (like Hepevirus and Picornavirus)

RNA or DNA: RNA

ss or ds: ss

+ or neg sense: + sense (“I went to a RETRO TOGA party where I drank FLAVored CORONA and ate HIPPY CALifornia PICKled CORN”)

enveloped or naked: naked

shape of capsid: icosahedral

23
Q

What are the attributes of Hepevirus

RNA or DNA: 
ss or ds: 
\+ or neg sense: 
enveloped or naked: 
shape of capsid:
A

Hepevirus (like Calcivirus and Picornavirus)

RNA or DNA: RNA

ss or ds: ss

+ or neg sense: + sense (“I went to a RETRO TOGA party where I drank FLAVored CORONA and ate HIPPY CALifornia PICKled CORN”)

enveloped or naked: naked

shape of capsid: icosahedral

24
Q

What are the attributes of Picornavirus

RNA or DNA: 
ss or ds: 
\+ or neg sense: 
enveloped or naked: 
shape of capsid:
A

Picornavirus (like Calcivirus and Hepevirus)

RNA or DNA: RNA

ss or ds: ss

+ or neg sense: + sense (“I went to a RETRO TOGA party where I drank FLAVored CORONA and ate HIPPY CALifornia PICKled CORN”)

enveloped or naked: naked

shape of capsid: icosahedral

25
Q

what 4 virus groups are negative sense, eveloped, helical ssRNA?

A
  1. Paramyxovirus
  2. rhabdovirus
  3. Filovirus
  4. orthomyxovirus (segmented)
26
Q

what are the 5 Paramyxoviruses? (negative sense, eveloped, helical ssRNA)

A
  1. Mumps
  2. Measles
  3. RSV
  4. Parainfluenza
  5. Human metapneumovirus
27
Q

What are the 2 Rhabdoviruses (negative sense, eveloped, helical ssRNA)?

A
  1. Rabies

2. Vesicular Stomatits

28
Q

What are the 2 Filoviruses (negative sense, eveloped, helical ssRNA)?

A
  1. Marburg

2. Ebola

29
Q

What are the 2 Orthomyxoviruses ((negative sense, eveloped, helical ssRNA)?

A

(segmented)

  1. Influenza A
  2. Influenza B
30
Q

what are the attributes of Paramyxoviruses?

RNA or DNA: 
ss or ds: 
\+ or neg sense: 
enveloped or naked: 
shape of capsid:
A

Paramyxovirus (same as Rhabdovirus, Filovirus and Orthomyxovirus)

RNA or DNA: RNA
ss or ds: ss (the only ds = Reovirus (rotavirus))
\+ or neg sense: neg
enveloped or naked: enveloped
shape of capsid: helical
31
Q

what are the attributes of Rhabdoviruses?

RNA or DNA: 
ss or ds: 
\+ or neg sense: 
enveloped or naked: 
shape of capsid:
A

Rhabdovirus (same as Paramoxovirus, Filovirus and Orthomyxovirus)

RNA or DNA: RNA
ss or ds: ss (the only ds = Reovirus (rotavirus))
\+ or neg sense: neg
enveloped or naked: enveloped
shape of capsid: helical
32
Q

what are the attributes of Filoviruses?

RNA or DNA: 
ss or ds: 
\+ or neg sense: 
enveloped or naked: 
shape of capsid:
A

Filovirus (same as Paramoxovirus, Rhabdovirus and Orthomyxovirus)

RNA or DNA: RNA
ss or ds: ss (the only ds = Reovirus (rotavirus))
\+ or neg sense: neg
enveloped or naked: enveloped
shape of capsid: helical
33
Q

what are the attributes of Orthomyxoviruses?

RNA or DNA: 
ss or ds: 
\+ or neg sense: 
enveloped or naked: 
shape of capsid:
A

Orthomyxovirus (same as Paramoxovirus, Rhabdovirus and Filovirus)

RNA or DNA: RNA
ss or ds: ss (the only ds = Reovirus (rotavirus))
\+ or neg sense: neg
enveloped or naked: enveloped
shape of capsid: helical
34
Q

what are the two ambisense and negative sense, enveloped, helical ssRNA virus groups?

A
  1. Arenavirus

2. Bunyavirus

35
Q

what are the 3 Arenaviruses (segmented ambisense and negative sense, enveloped, helical ssRNA)?

A
  1. Lassa Fever Virus
  2. Lymphocytic
  3. Choriomeningitis
36
Q

what are the 3 Bunyaviruses (segmented ambisense and negative sense, enveloped, helical ssRNA)?

A
  1. California EV
  2. La Crosse Virus
  3. Hantavirus
37
Q

what are the attributes of Arenaviruses?

RNA or DNA: 
ss or ds: 
\+ or neg sense: 
enveloped or naked: 
shape of capsid:
A

Arenaviruses (same as Bunyaviruses)

RNA or DNA: RNA
ss or ds: ss
\+ or neg sense: ambisense or negative
enveloped or naked: enveloped
shape of capsid: helical
38
Q

what are the attributes of Bunyaviruses?

RNA or DNA: 
ss or ds: 
\+ or neg sense: 
enveloped or naked: 
shape of capsid:
A

Bunyaviruses (same as Arenaviruses)

RNA or DNA: RNA
ss or ds: ss
\+ or neg sense: ambisense or negative
enveloped or naked: enveloped
shape of capsid: helical
39
Q

are positive strand RNA or negative strand RNA infective without their capsids (naked viral genome infectivity)?

A

Positive strand

40
Q

All RNA viruses are haploid except…

A

Retroviruses are diploid (has two identicle ssRNA molecues)

41
Q

are RNA viruses haploid or diploid?

A

All RNA viruses except retroviruses are haploid. (retroviruses are diploid)

42
Q

All RNA viruses replicate in the _____ except for influenza and retroviruses which replicate in the _______

A

All RNA viruses replicate in the CYTOPLASM except for influenza and retroviruses which replicate in the NUCLEUS

43
Q

ALL RNA VIRUSES ARE ENVELOPED EXCEPT (4)

A

Calicivirus
Picorna
Reovirus

Hepevirus

** CPR and PAPPsHmear (PAPP = DNA viruses, papilloma, adenovirus, polyoma and parvovirus)

44
Q

where do enveloped RNA viruses get their envelope from?

A

the plasma membrane of host cells

BOARDS VIRUSES (4 decks)

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