RNA Processing

Question 1

messenger RNA (mRNA)

Answer 1

encode the amino acid sequences of all of the polypeptides found in the cell

Question 2

transfer RNA (tRNA)

Answer 2

match their anticodon to mRNA while carrying a specific amino acid used for protein synthesis

Question 3

ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Answer 3

parts of large and small ribosomal units

Question 4

micro RNA

Answer 4

regulate gene expression, possibly via binding to specific nucleotide sequences

Question 5

ribozymes

Answer 5

catalytic RNA that acts as enzymes

Question 6

initial processing that bacterial rRNA goes through

Answer 6

site-specific methylation
primary processing with RNase III, RNase P, and RNase E
secondary processing with various specific nucleases

Question 7

initial processing that bacterial tRNA goes through

Answer 7

RNase P cleavage at the 5’ end of mature tRNA
RNase F cleavage at the 3’ end
RNase D trimming from 3’ to 5’ direction to the 3’ end of mature tRNA

Question 8

RNase P

Answer 8

ribonuclease that cleaves a piece of RNA from the 5’ end of a pre-tRNA
is a ribozyme (RNA contains the active site)