river features and flooding Flashcards
What is a meander?
Bend in a river
On a meander where is the fastest flow?
Outside of the bend
On a meander where does deposition occur?
Inside of the bend.
Is a river cliff likely to form on the outside or the inside of a meander?
Outside
Where is the hard rock located on a waterfall?
On top
Where is the soft rock located on a waterfall?
Underneath
How is a plunge pool formed?
Force of water hitting rock.
What is the ledge of hard rock called on a waterfall?
Overhang
.When a waterfall retreats (goes backwards) if forms a
Gorge
What named example of a waterfall have we studied?
Niagara falls
What two ways have people used waterfalls?
Tourism, Hydroelectric Power
What is the flat area next to a river called?
Floodplain
What is the Bluff line?
Edge of a floodplain.
What is the key process that forms floodplain?
Deposition
Levees are banks made of deposited material. T or F
T
Levees are only naturally made. t or f
F
What word is used for water flowing over the surface of the land?
Overland flow
What word is used for water flowing into the soil?
Infiltration
What word is used when there is too much water in the soil and it cannot take anymore?
Saturation
Give the 4 natural causes of flooding
- Prolonged rainfall (raining for a long time)
- Heavy rainfall
- Steep relief (steep slopes)
- Impermeable geology (rocks that don’t allow water to sink through it.
Give 2 man made (human) causes of flooding.
- Deforestation (Chopping down trees)
- Urbanisation (Buildings)
