river features and flooding Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a meander?

A

Bend in a river

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2
Q

On a meander where is the fastest flow?

A

Outside of the bend

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3
Q

On a meander where does deposition occur?

A

Inside of the bend.

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4
Q

Is a river cliff likely to form on the outside or the inside of a meander?

A

Outside

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5
Q

Where is the hard rock located on a waterfall?

A

On top

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6
Q

Where is the soft rock located on a waterfall?

A

Underneath

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7
Q

How is a plunge pool formed?

A

Force of water hitting rock.

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8
Q

What is the ledge of hard rock called on a waterfall?

A

Overhang

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9
Q

.When a waterfall retreats (goes backwards) if forms a

A

Gorge

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10
Q

What named example of a waterfall have we studied?

A

Niagara falls

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11
Q

What two ways have people used waterfalls?

A

Tourism, Hydroelectric Power

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12
Q

What is the flat area next to a river called?

A

Floodplain

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13
Q

What is the Bluff line?

A

Edge of a floodplain.

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14
Q

What is the key process that forms floodplain?

A

Deposition

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15
Q

Levees are banks made of deposited material. T or F

A

T

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16
Q

Levees are only naturally made. t or f

A

F

17
Q

What word is used for water flowing over the surface of the land?

A

Overland flow

18
Q

What word is used for water flowing into the soil?

A

Infiltration

19
Q

What word is used when there is too much water in the soil and it cannot take anymore?

A

Saturation

20
Q

Give the 4 natural causes of flooding

A
  • Prolonged rainfall (raining for a long time)
    • Heavy rainfall
    • Steep relief (steep slopes)
    • Impermeable geology (rocks that don’t allow water to sink through it.
21
Q

Give 2 man made (human) causes of flooding.

A
  • Deforestation (Chopping down trees)

- Urbanisation (Buildings)