river environments - fluvial processes

Question 1

types of weathering

Answer 1

physical, chemical, and biological weathering

Question 2

types of mass movement

Answer 2

slumping, soil creep

Question 3

types of erosion

Answer 3

hydraulic action, abrasion, corrosion, attrition

Question 4

types of transport

Answer 4

traction, saltation, suspension, solution

Question 5

physical weathering

Answer 5

changes in temperature, rainfall freezing, and thawing in rock cracks breaks rocks down into smaller pieces

Question 6

chemical weathering

Answer 6

acidic rain seeping into porous rocks causes them to decay and disintegrate

Question 7

biological weathering

Answer 7

plant roots growing into cracks in the rocks and eventually splitting them apart

Question 8

slumping

Answer 8

when the bottom of a valley side slope is cut away by the river flowing at its base, making the slope unstable and weathered material slumps down towards the river

Question 9

soil creep

Answer 9

weathered material moves down the slope and collects at the bottom of the river, eventually it is eroded by the river

Question 10

hydraulic action

Answer 10

water hits the riverbed with such force that material is dislodged and carried away, this often happens when river discharge is high

Question 11

abrasion

Answer 11

material being carried by a river is rubbed against he sides and floor of the channel causing the channel to widen

Question 12

corrosion

Answer 12

minerals in the rocks are dissolved by water flowing past them

Question 13

attrition

Answer 13

particles of material being carried by a river and becoming rounder and smaller as they collide

Question 14

deposition

Answer 14

laying down materials transported by the river, occurs when there is a decrease in energy or speed

Question 15

traction

Answer 15

transporting large stones or boulders in a river, they are rolled along the river bottom by the water as they are too large to transport in the water

Question 16

saltation

Answer 16

small pebbles and stones are bounced along the river bed

Question 17

suspension

Answer 17

transporting very fine sediment in a river which was eroded from larger rocks

Question 18

solution

Answer 18

minerals are dissolved in the water and carried along in solution. this typically occurs in areas where the underlying bedrock is limestone