Risk Stratification Flashcards
What is the leading cause of death in the United States?
A form of cardiovascular disease
What are the ages of individuals who should first consult a physician before embarking on a program of vigorous physical activity to which they are unaccustomed?
Previously inactive men over 40 and previously inactive women over 50
Besides age, who should first consult a physician before embarking on a program of vigorous physical activity to which they are unaccustomed?
People at high risk for or have S & S of CVD
People with a known Disease
What are the recommendations for physical exercise with regards to intensity, time and frequency for the US pop?
Accumulate at least 30 mins of exercise daily of moderate intensity most days of the week (at least 5)
Comprehensive Medical/health questionnaire
ACSM/AHA Questionnaire
Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire
are the
3 types of HHQ
Where is comprehensive medical/health questionnaire commonly used?
Medical Setting
Where is ACSM/AHA questionnaire commonly used?
Independent trainers
Where is Physical Activity Readiness questionnaire commonly used?
schools ( large groups of relatively healthy people)
- Used in the process of client risk stratification
- Used to establish client’s medical/health risks for level of exercise testing
- Used to establish clients medical /health risk for beginning intensity level of clients exercise program
- Determines if client should be referred back to their M.D. for a complete physical examination prior to being tested or participating in an exercise program
are the
4 main purposes of the pre-participation interview and HHQ
What are the 9 signs and symptoms of possible cardiopulmonary disease
- Pain, discomfort in chest, neck, jaw, arms - due to ischemia
- Shortness of breath @ rest or w/ mild exertion
- Dizziness or syncope
- Orthopenia or paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
- Ankle edema
- Palpitations
- Intermittent claudication
- Known heart murmur
- Unusual fatigue or shortness of of breath w/ usual activity
What are the 3 categories of known diseases in which if an individual has, they would be classified as a high risk client/patient?
- Cardiovascular disease
- Pulmonary Diseases
- Metabolic Diseases
Family History Smoking History Dyslipidemia Hypertension Impaired fasting glucose Obesity Sedentary lifestyle
are the
7 positive risk factors
what is the 1 negative risk factor
high HDL
What is normal BP
What is Pre-Hypertension
120-139/80-89 or
What is Stage I HTN
140-159/90-99 or
What is Stage II HTN
> 160 / >100 or
What is the definition of a low risk client
male
What is the definition of a moderate risk client
male at or >45, female at or> 55, or 2 or more risk factors
What is the definition of a high risk client
one or more signs/symptoms or known disease
What is anything that is not a risk factor but is a concern to you & or will influence how you prescribe exercise?
special considerations
Once the client has been risk stratified what decision must be made according to the gathered data?
refer client to physician OR begin exercise testing and prescription
- Measure baseline functional capacity
- Asses safety of exercise at various intensities
- aide in the diagnosis of heart disease
- follow the progress of physical fitness
- asses efficacy or current intervention
- motivation to continue or start an exercise program
are the
6 main purposes of performing a Graded Exercise Test GXT
What are the two main things you need to know prior to performing a GXT?
- When is a medical exam/GXT recommended prior to beginning an exercise program?
- Will a physician need to be present for the GXT
What 2 things determine the need for M.D. supervision during your clients GXT?
- Risk stratification - low, moderate, high
2. Wat level test will be given - submax vs max
What is the purpose of GXT/ Exercise prescription consent form?
They explain the program/procedures and possible risks/discomforts. Explains the benefits, describe responsibility. Tell client that they can stop at any time.
What are the 5 basic components of a complete fitness test?
Cardiorespiratory Fitness Body Composition Musculoskeletal Strength Musculoskeletal Endurance Musculoskeletal Flexibility
